mirror of
https://gitlab.com/libvirt/libvirt.git
synced 2024-12-25 15:15:25 +00:00
498 lines
16 KiB
HTML
498 lines
16 KiB
HTML
|
<html><body>
|
||
|
<h1>VMware ESX hypervisor driver</h1>
|
||
|
<ul id="toc"></ul>
|
||
|
<p>
|
||
|
The libvirt VMware ESX driver can manage VMware ESX/ESXi 3.5/4.0 and
|
||
|
VMware GSX 2.0, also called VMware Server 2.0, and possibly later
|
||
|
versions.
|
||
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
<h2><a name="prereq">Deployment pre-requisites</a></h2>
|
||
|
<p>
|
||
|
None. Any out-of-the-box installation of ESX/GSX should work. No
|
||
|
preparations are required on the server side, no libvirtd must be
|
||
|
installed on the ESX server. The driver uses version 2.5 of the remote,
|
||
|
SOAP based
|
||
|
<a href="http://www.vmware.com/support/developer/vc-sdk/visdk25pubs/ReferenceGuide/">
|
||
|
VMware Virtual Infrastructure API</a> to communicate with the
|
||
|
ESX server, like the VMware Virtual Infrastructure Client does. Since
|
||
|
version 4.0 this API is called
|
||
|
<a href="http://www.vmware.com/support/developer/vc-sdk/visdk400pubs/ReferenceGuide/">
|
||
|
VMware vSphere API</a>.
|
||
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<h2><a name="uri">Connections to the VMware ESX driver</a></h2>
|
||
|
<p>
|
||
|
Some example remote connection URIs for the driver are:
|
||
|
</p>
|
||
|
<pre>
|
||
|
esx://example.com (ESX over HTTPS)
|
||
|
gsx://example.com (GSX over HTTPS)
|
||
|
esx://example.com/?transport=http (ESX over HTTP)
|
||
|
esx://example.com/?no_verify=1 (ESX over HTTPS, but doesn't verify the server's SSL certificate)
|
||
|
</pre>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
<h3><a name="uriformat">URI Format</a></h3>
|
||
|
<p>
|
||
|
URIs have this general form ('[...]' marks an optional part).
|
||
|
</p>
|
||
|
<pre>
|
||
|
type://[username@]hostname[:port]/[?extraparameters]
|
||
|
</pre>
|
||
|
<p>
|
||
|
The <code>type://</code> is either <code>esx://</code> or
|
||
|
<code>gsx://</code> and the driver selects the default port depending
|
||
|
on it. For ESX the default HTTPS port is 443, for GSX it is 8333. If
|
||
|
the port parameter is given, it overrides the default port.
|
||
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
<h4>Extra parameters</h4>
|
||
|
<p>
|
||
|
Extra parameters can be added to a URI as part of the query string
|
||
|
(the part following '?'). The driver understands the extra parameters
|
||
|
shown below.
|
||
|
</p>
|
||
|
<table class="top_table">
|
||
|
<tr>
|
||
|
<th>Name</th>
|
||
|
<th>Values</th>
|
||
|
<th>Meaning</th>
|
||
|
</tr>
|
||
|
<tr>
|
||
|
<td>
|
||
|
<code>transport</code>
|
||
|
</td>
|
||
|
<td>
|
||
|
<code>http</code> or <code>https</code>
|
||
|
</td>
|
||
|
<td>
|
||
|
Overrides the default HTTPS transport. For ESX the default
|
||
|
HTTP port is 80, for GSX it is 8222.
|
||
|
</td>
|
||
|
</tr>
|
||
|
<tr>
|
||
|
<td>
|
||
|
<code>vcenter</code>
|
||
|
</td>
|
||
|
<td>
|
||
|
Hostname of a VMware vCenter
|
||
|
</td>
|
||
|
<td>
|
||
|
In order to perform a migration the driver needs to know the
|
||
|
VMware vCenter for the ESX server.
|
||
|
</td>
|
||
|
</tr>
|
||
|
<tr>
|
||
|
<td>
|
||
|
<code>no_verify</code>
|
||
|
</td>
|
||
|
<td>
|
||
|
<code>0</code> or <code>1</code>
|
||
|
</td>
|
||
|
<td>
|
||
|
If set to 1, this disables libcurl client checks of the server's
|
||
|
SSL certificate. The default value it 0.
|
||
|
</td>
|
||
|
</tr>
|
||
|
</table>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
<h3><a name="auth">Authentication</a></h3>
|
||
|
<p>
|
||
|
In order to perform any useful operation the driver needs to log into
|
||
|
the ESX server. Therefore, only <code>virConnectOpenAuth</code> can be
|
||
|
used to connect to an ESX server, <code>virConnectOpen</code> and
|
||
|
<code>virConnectOpenReadOnly</code> don't work.
|
||
|
To log into an ESX server or vCenter the driver will request
|
||
|
credentials using the callback passed to the
|
||
|
<code>virConnectOpenAuth</code> function. The driver passes the
|
||
|
hostname as challenge parameter to the callback. This enables the
|
||
|
callback to distinguish between requests for ESX server and vCenter.
|
||
|
</p>
|
||
|
<p>
|
||
|
<strong>Note</strong>: During the ongoing driver development, testing
|
||
|
is done using an unrestricted <code>root</code> account. Problems may
|
||
|
occur if you use a restricted account. Detailed testing with restricted
|
||
|
accounts has not been done yet.
|
||
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
<h2><a name="xmlspecial">Specialties in the domain XML config</a></h2>
|
||
|
<p>
|
||
|
There are several specialties in the domain XML config for ESX domains.
|
||
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<h3>Restrictions</h3>
|
||
|
<p>
|
||
|
There are some restrictions for some values of the domain XML config.
|
||
|
The driver will complain if this restrictions are violated.
|
||
|
</p>
|
||
|
<ul>
|
||
|
<li>
|
||
|
Memory size has to be a multiple of 4096
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
<li>
|
||
|
Number of virtual CPU has to be 1 or a multiple of 2
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
<li>
|
||
|
Valid MAC address prefixes are <code>00:0c:29</code> and
|
||
|
<code>00:50:56</code>
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
<h3>Datastore references</h3>
|
||
|
<p>
|
||
|
Storage is managed in datastores. VMware uses a special path format to
|
||
|
reference files in a datastore. Basically, the datastore name is put
|
||
|
into squared braces in front of the path.
|
||
|
</p>
|
||
|
<pre>
|
||
|
[datastore] directory/filename
|
||
|
</pre>
|
||
|
<p>
|
||
|
To define a new domain the driver converts the domain XML into a
|
||
|
VMware VMX file and uploads it to a datastore known to the ESX server.
|
||
|
Because multiple datastores may be known to an ESX server the driver
|
||
|
needs to decide to which datastores the VMX file should be uploaded.
|
||
|
The driver deduces this information from the path of the source of the
|
||
|
first file-based harddisk listed in the domain XML.
|
||
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
<h3>Available hardware</h3>
|
||
|
<p>
|
||
|
VMware ESX supports different models of SCSI controllers and network
|
||
|
cards.
|
||
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<h4>SCSI controller models</h4>
|
||
|
<dl>
|
||
|
<dt><code>buslogic</code></dt>
|
||
|
<dd>
|
||
|
BusLogic SCSI controller for older guests.
|
||
|
</dd>
|
||
|
<dt><code>lsilogic</code></dt>
|
||
|
<dd>
|
||
|
LSI Logic SCSI controller for recent guests.
|
||
|
</dd>
|
||
|
</dl>
|
||
|
<p>
|
||
|
Here a domain XML snippet:
|
||
|
</p>
|
||
|
<pre>
|
||
|
...
|
||
|
<disk type='file' device='disk'>
|
||
|
<driver name='<strong>lsilogic</strong>'/>
|
||
|
<source file='[local-storage] Fedora11/Fedora11.vmdk'/>
|
||
|
<target dev='sda' bus='scsi'/>
|
||
|
</disk>
|
||
|
...
|
||
|
</pre>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
<h4>Network card models</h4>
|
||
|
<dl>
|
||
|
<dt><code>vlance</code></dt>
|
||
|
<dd>
|
||
|
AMD PCnet32 network card for older guests.
|
||
|
</dd>
|
||
|
<dt><code>vmxnet</code>, <code>vmxnet3</code></dt>
|
||
|
<dd>
|
||
|
Special VMware VMXnet network card, requires VMware tools inside
|
||
|
the guest.
|
||
|
</dd>
|
||
|
<dt><code>e1000</code></dt>
|
||
|
<dd>
|
||
|
Intel E1000 network card for recent guests.
|
||
|
</dd>
|
||
|
</dl>
|
||
|
<p>
|
||
|
Here a domain XML snippet:
|
||
|
</p>
|
||
|
<pre>
|
||
|
...
|
||
|
<interface type='bridge'>
|
||
|
<mac address='00:50:56:25:48:c7'/>
|
||
|
<source bridge='VM Network'/>
|
||
|
<model type='<strong>e1000</strong>'/>
|
||
|
</interface>
|
||
|
...
|
||
|
</pre>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
<h2><a name="importexport">Import and export of domain XML configs</a></h2>
|
||
|
<p>
|
||
|
The ESX driver currently supports a native config format known as
|
||
|
<code>vmware-vmx</code> to handle VMware VMX configs.
|
||
|
</p>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
<h3><a name="xmlimport">Converting from VMware VMX config to domain XML config</a></h3>
|
||
|
<p>
|
||
|
The <code>virsh domxml-from-native</code> provides a way to convert an
|
||
|
existing VMware VMX config into a domain XML config that can then be
|
||
|
used by libvirt.
|
||
|
</p>
|
||
|
<pre>
|
||
|
$ cat > demo.vmx << EOF
|
||
|
#!/usr/bin/vmware
|
||
|
config.version = "8"
|
||
|
virtualHW.version = "4"
|
||
|
floppy0.present = "false"
|
||
|
nvram = "Fedora11.nvram"
|
||
|
deploymentPlatform = "windows"
|
||
|
virtualHW.productCompatibility = "hosted"
|
||
|
tools.upgrade.policy = "useGlobal"
|
||
|
powerType.powerOff = "default"
|
||
|
powerType.powerOn = "default"
|
||
|
powerType.suspend = "default"
|
||
|
powerType.reset = "default"
|
||
|
displayName = "Fedora11"
|
||
|
extendedConfigFile = "Fedora11.vmxf"
|
||
|
scsi0.present = "true"
|
||
|
scsi0.sharedBus = "none"
|
||
|
scsi0.virtualDev = "lsilogic"
|
||
|
memsize = "1024"
|
||
|
scsi0:0.present = "true"
|
||
|
scsi0:0.fileName = "/vmfs/volumes/498076b2-02796c1a-ef5b-000ae484a6a3/Fedora11/Fedora11.vmdk"
|
||
|
scsi0:0.deviceType = "scsi-hardDisk"
|
||
|
ide0:0.present = "true"
|
||
|
ide0:0.clientDevice = "true"
|
||
|
ide0:0.deviceType = "cdrom-raw"
|
||
|
ide0:0.startConnected = "false"
|
||
|
ethernet0.present = "true"
|
||
|
ethernet0.networkName = "VM Network"
|
||
|
ethernet0.addressType = "vpx"
|
||
|
ethernet0.address = "00:50:56:91:48:c7"
|
||
|
chipset.onlineStandby = "false"
|
||
|
guestOSAltName = "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 (32-Bit)"
|
||
|
guestOS = "rhel5"
|
||
|
uuid.bios = "50 11 5e 16 9b dc 49 d7-f1 71 53 c4 d7 f9 17 10"
|
||
|
snapshot.action = "keep"
|
||
|
sched.cpu.min = "0"
|
||
|
sched.cpu.units = "mhz"
|
||
|
sched.cpu.shares = "normal"
|
||
|
sched.mem.minsize = "0"
|
||
|
sched.mem.shares = "normal"
|
||
|
toolScripts.afterPowerOn = "true"
|
||
|
toolScripts.afterResume = "true"
|
||
|
toolScripts.beforeSuspend = "true"
|
||
|
toolScripts.beforePowerOff = "true"
|
||
|
scsi0:0.redo = ""
|
||
|
tools.syncTime = "false"
|
||
|
uuid.location = "56 4d b5 06 a2 bd fb eb-ae 86 f7 d8 49 27 d0 c4"
|
||
|
sched.cpu.max = "unlimited"
|
||
|
sched.swap.derivedName = "/vmfs/volumes/498076b2-02796c1a-ef5b-000ae484a6a3/Fedora11/Fedora11-7de040d8.vswp"
|
||
|
tools.remindInstall = "TRUE"
|
||
|
EOF
|
||
|
|
||
|
$ virsh -c esx://example.com domxml-from-native vmware-vmx demo.vmx
|
||
|
Enter username for example.com [root]:
|
||
|
Enter root password for example.com:
|
||
|
<domain type='vmware'>
|
||
|
<name>Fedora11</name>
|
||
|
<uuid>50115e16-9bdc-49d7-f171-53c4d7f91710</uuid>
|
||
|
<memory>1048576</memory>
|
||
|
<currentMemory>1048576</currentMemory>
|
||
|
<vcpu>1</vcpu>
|
||
|
<os>
|
||
|
<type arch='i686'>hvm</type>
|
||
|
</os>
|
||
|
<clock offset='utc'/>
|
||
|
<on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>
|
||
|
<on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>
|
||
|
<on_crash>destroy</on_crash>
|
||
|
<devices>
|
||
|
<disk type='file' device='disk'>
|
||
|
<driver name='lsilogic'/>
|
||
|
<source file='[local-storage] Fedora11/Fedora11.vmdk'/>
|
||
|
<target dev='sda' bus='scsi'/>
|
||
|
</disk>
|
||
|
<interface type='bridge'>
|
||
|
<mac address='00:50:56:91:48:c7'/>
|
||
|
<source bridge='VM Network'/>
|
||
|
</interface>
|
||
|
</devices>
|
||
|
</domain>
|
||
|
</pre>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
<h3><a name="xmlexport">Converting from domain XML config to VMware VMX config</a></h3>
|
||
|
<p>
|
||
|
The <code>virsh domxml-to-native</code> provides a way to convert a
|
||
|
domain XML config into a VMware VMX config.
|
||
|
</p>
|
||
|
<pre>
|
||
|
$ cat > demo.xml << EOF
|
||
|
<domain type='vmware'>
|
||
|
<name>Fedora11</name>
|
||
|
<uuid>50115e16-9bdc-49d7-f171-53c4d7f91710</uuid>
|
||
|
<memory>1048576</memory>
|
||
|
<currentMemory>1048576</currentMemory>
|
||
|
<vcpu>1</vcpu>
|
||
|
<os>
|
||
|
<type arch='x86_64'>hvm</type>
|
||
|
</os>
|
||
|
<devices>
|
||
|
<disk type='file' device='disk'>
|
||
|
<driver name='lsilogic'/>
|
||
|
<source file='[local-storage] Fedora11/Fedora11.vmdk'/>
|
||
|
<target dev='sda' bus='scsi'/>
|
||
|
</disk>
|
||
|
<interface type='bridge'>
|
||
|
<mac address='00:50:56:25:48:c7'/>
|
||
|
<source bridge='VM Network'/>
|
||
|
</interface>
|
||
|
</devices>
|
||
|
</domain>
|
||
|
EOF
|
||
|
|
||
|
$ virsh -c esx://example.com domxml-to-native vmware-vmx demo.xml
|
||
|
Enter username for example.com [root]:
|
||
|
Enter root password for example.com:
|
||
|
config.version = "8"
|
||
|
virtualHW.version = "4"
|
||
|
guestOS = "other-64"
|
||
|
uuid.bios = "50 11 5e 16 9b dc 49 d7-f1 71 53 c4 d7 f9 17 10"
|
||
|
displayName = "Fedora11"
|
||
|
memsize = "1024"
|
||
|
numvcpus = "1"
|
||
|
scsi0.present = "true"
|
||
|
scsi0.virtualDev = "lsilogic"
|
||
|
scsi0:0.present = "true"
|
||
|
scsi0:0.deviceType = "scsi-hardDisk"
|
||
|
scsi0:0.fileName = "/vmfs/volumes/local-storage/Fedora11/Fedora11.vmdk"
|
||
|
ethernet0.present = "true"
|
||
|
ethernet0.networkName = "VM Network"
|
||
|
ethernet0.connectionType = "bridged"
|
||
|
ethernet0.addressType = "static"
|
||
|
ethernet0.address = "00:50:56:25:48:C7"
|
||
|
</pre>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
<h2><a name="xmlconfig">Example domain XML configs</a></h2>
|
||
|
|
||
|
<h3>Fedora11 on x86_64</h3>
|
||
|
<pre>
|
||
|
<domain type='vmware'>
|
||
|
<name>Fedora11</name>
|
||
|
<uuid>50115e16-9bdc-49d7-f171-53c4d7f91710</uuid>
|
||
|
<memory>1048576</memory>
|
||
|
<currentMemory>1048576</currentMemory>
|
||
|
<vcpu>1</vcpu>
|
||
|
<os>
|
||
|
<type arch='x86_64'>hvm</type>
|
||
|
</os>
|
||
|
<devices>
|
||
|
<disk type='file' device='disk'>
|
||
|
<source file='[local-storage] Fedora11/Fedora11.vmdk'/>
|
||
|
<target dev='sda' bus='scsi'/>
|
||
|
</disk>
|
||
|
<interface type='bridge'>
|
||
|
<mac address='00:50:56:25:48:c7'/>
|
||
|
<source bridge='VM Network'/>
|
||
|
</interface>
|
||
|
</devices>
|
||
|
</domain>
|
||
|
</pre>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
<h2><a name="migration">Migration</a></h2>
|
||
|
<p>
|
||
|
A migration cannot be initiated on an ESX server directly, a VMware
|
||
|
vCenter is necessary for this. The vCenter hostname has to be passed
|
||
|
to the driver via the <code>vcenter</code> query parameter.
|
||
|
</p>
|
||
|
<pre>
|
||
|
esx://example.com/?vcenter=example-vcenter.com
|
||
|
</pre>
|
||
|
<p>
|
||
|
Here an example how to migrate the domain <code>Fedora11</code> from
|
||
|
ESX server <code>example-src.com</code> to ESX server
|
||
|
<code>example-dst.com</code> involving vCenter
|
||
|
<code>example-vcenter.com</code> using <code>virsh</code>.
|
||
|
</p>
|
||
|
<pre>
|
||
|
$ virsh -c esx://example-src.com/?vcenter=example-vcenter.com migrate Fedora11 esx://example-dst.com/?vcenter=example-vcenter.com
|
||
|
Enter username for example-src.com [root]:
|
||
|
Enter root password for example-src.com:
|
||
|
Enter username for example-vcenter.com [administrator]:
|
||
|
Enter administrator password for example-vcenter.com:
|
||
|
Enter username for example-dst.com [root]:
|
||
|
Enter root password for example-dst.com:
|
||
|
Enter username for example-vcenter.com [administrator]:
|
||
|
Enter administrator password for example-vcenter.com:
|
||
|
</pre>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
<h2><a name="scheduler">Scheduler configuration</a></h2>
|
||
|
<p>
|
||
|
The driver exposes the ESX CPU scheduler. The parameters listed below
|
||
|
are available to control the scheduler.
|
||
|
</p>
|
||
|
<dl>
|
||
|
<dt><code>reservation</code></dt>
|
||
|
<dd>
|
||
|
The amount of CPU resource in MHz that is guaranteed to be
|
||
|
available to the domain. Valid values are 0 and greater.
|
||
|
</dd>
|
||
|
<dt><code>limit</code></dt>
|
||
|
<dd>
|
||
|
The CPU utilization of the domain will be
|
||
|
limited to this value in MHz, even if more CPU resources are
|
||
|
available. If the limit is set to -1, the CPU utilization of the
|
||
|
domain is unlimited. If the limit is not set to -1, it must be
|
||
|
greater than or equal to the reservation.
|
||
|
</dd>
|
||
|
<dt><code>shares</code></dt>
|
||
|
<dd>
|
||
|
Shares are used to determine relative CPU
|
||
|
allocation between domains. In general, a domain with more shares
|
||
|
gets proportionally more of the CPU resource. Valid values are 0
|
||
|
and greater. The special values -1, -2 and -3 represent the
|
||
|
predefined shares level <code>low</code>, <code>normal</code> and
|
||
|
<code>high</code>.
|
||
|
</dd>
|
||
|
</dl>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
<h2><a name="tools">VMware tools</a></h2>
|
||
|
<p>
|
||
|
Some actions require installed VMware tools. If the VMware tools are
|
||
|
not installed in the guest and one of the actions below is to be
|
||
|
performed the ESX server raises an error and the driver reports it.
|
||
|
</p>
|
||
|
<ul>
|
||
|
<li>
|
||
|
<code>virDomainReboot</code>
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
<li>
|
||
|
<code>virDomainShutdown</code>
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
</ul>
|
||
|
|
||
|
|
||
|
<h2><a name="links">Links</a></h2>
|
||
|
<ul>
|
||
|
<li>
|
||
|
<a href="http://www.vmware.com/support/developer/vc-sdk/">
|
||
|
VMware vSphere Web Services SDK Documentation
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
<li>
|
||
|
<a href="http://www.vmware.com/pdf/esx3_memory.pdf">
|
||
|
The Role of Memory in VMware ESX Server 3
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
<li>
|
||
|
<a href="http://www.sanbarrow.com/vmx.html">
|
||
|
VMware VMX config parameters
|
||
|
</a>
|
||
|
</li>
|
||
|
</ul>
|
||
|
</body></html>
|