diff --git a/src/conf/domain_conf.c b/src/conf/domain_conf.c
index ce00204577..6bd250b554 100644
--- a/src/conf/domain_conf.c
+++ b/src/conf/domain_conf.c
@@ -3491,13 +3491,20 @@ virDomainResctrlDefFree(virDomainResctrlDef *resctrl)
 
 
 void
-virDomainSEVDefFree(virDomainSEVDef *def)
+virDomainSecDefFree(virDomainSecDef *def)
 {
     if (!def)
         return;
 
-    g_free(def->dh_cert);
-    g_free(def->session);
+    switch ((virDomainLaunchSecurity) def->sectype) {
+    case VIR_DOMAIN_LAUNCH_SECURITY_SEV:
+        g_free(def->data.sev.dh_cert);
+        g_free(def->data.sev.session);
+        break;
+    case VIR_DOMAIN_LAUNCH_SECURITY_NONE:
+    case VIR_DOMAIN_LAUNCH_SECURITY_LAST:
+        break;
+    }
 
     g_free(def);
 }
@@ -3703,7 +3710,7 @@ void virDomainDefFree(virDomainDef *def)
     if (def->namespaceData && def->ns.free)
         (def->ns.free)(def->namespaceData);
 
-    virDomainSEVDefFree(def->sev);
+    virDomainSecDefFree(def->sec);
 
     xmlFreeNode(def->metadata);
 
@@ -14714,68 +14721,79 @@ virDomainMemoryTargetDefParseXML(xmlNodePtr node,
 }
 
 
-static virDomainSEVDef *
-virDomainSEVDefParseXML(xmlNodePtr sevNode,
+static int
+virDomainSEVDefParseXML(virDomainSEVDef *def,
                         xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt)
 {
     VIR_XPATH_NODE_AUTORESTORE(ctxt)
-    g_autoptr(virDomainSEVDef) def = NULL;
     unsigned long policy;
     int rc;
 
-    def = g_new0(virDomainSEVDef, 1);
+    if (virXPathULongHex("string(./policy)", ctxt, &policy) < 0) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
+                       _("failed to get launch security policy"));
+        return -1;
+    }
 
-    ctxt->node = sevNode;
+    /* the following attributes are platform dependent and if missing, we can
+     * autofill them from domain capabilities later
+     */
+    rc = virXPathUInt("string(./cbitpos)", ctxt, &def->cbitpos);
+    if (rc == 0) {
+        def->haveCbitpos = true;
+    } else if (rc == -2) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
+                       _("Invalid format for launch security cbitpos"));
+        return -1;
+    }
 
-    if (virXMLPropEnum(sevNode, "type", virDomainLaunchSecurityTypeFromString,
+    rc = virXPathUInt("string(./reducedPhysBits)", ctxt,
+                      &def->reduced_phys_bits);
+    if (rc == 0) {
+        def->haveReducedPhysBits = true;
+    } else if (rc == -2) {
+        virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
+                       _("Invalid format for launch security "
+                         "reduced-phys-bits"));
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    def->policy = policy;
+    def->dh_cert = virXPathString("string(./dhCert)", ctxt);
+    def->session = virXPathString("string(./session)", ctxt);
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+
+static virDomainSecDef *
+virDomainSecDefParseXML(xmlNodePtr lsecNode,
+                        xmlXPathContextPtr ctxt)
+{
+    g_autoptr(virDomainSecDef) sec = g_new0(virDomainSecDef, 1);
+
+    ctxt->node = lsecNode;
+
+    if (virXMLPropEnum(lsecNode, "type", virDomainLaunchSecurityTypeFromString,
                        VIR_XML_PROP_NONZERO | VIR_XML_PROP_REQUIRED,
-                       &def->sectype) < 0)
+                       &sec->sectype) < 0)
         return NULL;
 
-    switch ((virDomainLaunchSecurity) def->sectype) {
+    switch ((virDomainLaunchSecurity) sec->sectype) {
     case VIR_DOMAIN_LAUNCH_SECURITY_SEV:
-        if (virXPathULongHex("string(./policy)", ctxt, &policy) < 0) {
-            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
-                           _("failed to get launch security policy"));
+        if (virDomainSEVDefParseXML(&sec->data.sev, ctxt) < 0)
             return NULL;
-        }
-
-        /* the following attributes are platform dependent and if missing, we can
-         * autofill them from domain capabilities later
-        */
-        rc = virXPathUInt("string(./cbitpos)", ctxt, &def->cbitpos);
-        if (rc == 0) {
-            def->haveCbitpos = true;
-        } else if (rc == -2) {
-            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
-                           _("Invalid format for launch security cbitpos"));
-            return NULL;
-        }
-
-        rc = virXPathUInt("string(./reducedPhysBits)", ctxt,
-                          &def->reduced_phys_bits);
-        if (rc == 0) {
-            def->haveReducedPhysBits = true;
-        } else if (rc == -2) {
-            virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR, "%s",
-                           _("Invalid format for launch security "
-                             "reduced-phys-bits"));
-            return NULL;
-        }
-
-        def->policy = policy;
-        def->dh_cert = virXPathString("string(./dhCert)", ctxt);
-        def->session = virXPathString("string(./session)", ctxt);
-
-        return g_steal_pointer(&def);
+        break;
     case VIR_DOMAIN_LAUNCH_SECURITY_NONE:
     case VIR_DOMAIN_LAUNCH_SECURITY_LAST:
     default:
         virReportError(VIR_ERR_XML_ERROR,
                        _("unsupported launch security type '%s'"),
-                       virDomainLaunchSecurityTypeToString(def->sectype));
+                       virDomainLaunchSecurityTypeToString(sec->sectype));
         return NULL;
     }
+
+    return g_steal_pointer(&sec);
 }
 
 
@@ -20130,10 +20148,10 @@ virDomainDefParseXML(xmlDocPtr xml,
     ctxt->node = node;
     VIR_FREE(nodes);
 
-    /* Check for SEV feature */
+    /* Check for launch security e.g. SEV feature */
     if ((node = virXPathNode("./launchSecurity", ctxt)) != NULL) {
-        def->sev = virDomainSEVDefParseXML(node, ctxt);
-        if (!def->sev)
+        def->sec = virDomainSecDefParseXML(node, ctxt);
+        if (!def->sec)
             goto error;
     }
 
@@ -26864,19 +26882,21 @@ virDomainKeyWrapDefFormat(virBuffer *buf, virDomainKeyWrapDef *keywrap)
 
 
 static void
-virDomainSEVDefFormat(virBuffer *buf, virDomainSEVDef *sev)
+virDomainSecDefFormat(virBuffer *buf, virDomainSecDef *sec)
 {
     g_auto(virBuffer) attrBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INITIALIZER;
     g_auto(virBuffer) childBuf = VIR_BUFFER_INIT_CHILD(buf);
 
-    if (!sev)
+    if (!sec)
         return;
 
     virBufferAsprintf(&attrBuf, " type='%s'",
-                      virDomainLaunchSecurityTypeToString(sev->sectype));
+                      virDomainLaunchSecurityTypeToString(sec->sectype));
+
+    switch ((virDomainLaunchSecurity) sec->sectype) {
+    case VIR_DOMAIN_LAUNCH_SECURITY_SEV: {
+        virDomainSEVDef *sev = &sec->data.sev;
 
-    switch ((virDomainLaunchSecurity) sev->sectype) {
-    case VIR_DOMAIN_LAUNCH_SECURITY_SEV:
         if (sev->haveCbitpos)
             virBufferAsprintf(&childBuf, "<cbitpos>%d</cbitpos>\n", sev->cbitpos);
 
@@ -26891,6 +26911,7 @@ virDomainSEVDefFormat(virBuffer *buf, virDomainSEVDef *sev)
             virBufferEscapeString(&childBuf, "<session>%s</session>\n", sev->session);
 
         break;
+    }
     case VIR_DOMAIN_LAUNCH_SECURITY_NONE:
     case VIR_DOMAIN_LAUNCH_SECURITY_LAST:
         return;
@@ -28305,7 +28326,7 @@ virDomainDefFormatInternalSetRootName(virDomainDef *def,
     if (def->keywrap)
         virDomainKeyWrapDefFormat(buf, def->keywrap);
 
-    virDomainSEVDefFormat(buf, def->sev);
+    virDomainSecDefFormat(buf, def->sec);
 
     if (def->namespaceData && def->ns.format) {
         if ((def->ns.format)(buf, def->namespaceData) < 0)
diff --git a/src/conf/domain_conf.h b/src/conf/domain_conf.h
index f3a4d0fa93..4e6426ee78 100644
--- a/src/conf/domain_conf.h
+++ b/src/conf/domain_conf.h
@@ -2651,7 +2651,6 @@ typedef enum {
 
 
 struct _virDomainSEVDef {
-    virDomainLaunchSecurity sectype;
     char *dh_cert;
     char *session;
     unsigned int policy;
@@ -2661,8 +2660,15 @@ struct _virDomainSEVDef {
     unsigned int reduced_phys_bits;
 };
 
-void virDomainSEVDefFree(virDomainSEVDef *def);
-G_DEFINE_AUTOPTR_CLEANUP_FUNC(virDomainSEVDef, virDomainSEVDefFree);
+struct _virDomainSecDef {
+    virDomainLaunchSecurity sectype;
+    union {
+        virDomainSEVDef sev;
+    } data;
+};
+
+void virDomainSecDefFree(virDomainSecDef *def);
+G_DEFINE_AUTOPTR_CLEANUP_FUNC(virDomainSecDef, virDomainSecDefFree);
 
 typedef enum {
     VIR_DOMAIN_IOMMU_MODEL_INTEL,
@@ -2873,8 +2879,8 @@ struct _virDomainDef {
 
     virDomainKeyWrapDef *keywrap;
 
-    /* SEV-specific domain */
-    virDomainSEVDef *sev;
+    /* launch security e.g. SEV */
+    virDomainSecDef *sec;
 
     /* Application-specific custom metadata */
     xmlNodePtr metadata;
diff --git a/src/conf/virconftypes.h b/src/conf/virconftypes.h
index b21068486e..21420ba8ea 100644
--- a/src/conf/virconftypes.h
+++ b/src/conf/virconftypes.h
@@ -202,6 +202,8 @@ typedef struct _virDomainResourceDef virDomainResourceDef;
 
 typedef struct _virDomainSEVDef virDomainSEVDef;
 
+typedef struct _virDomainSecDef virDomainSecDef;
+
 typedef struct _virDomainShmemDef virDomainShmemDef;
 
 typedef struct _virDomainSmartcardDef virDomainSmartcardDef;
diff --git a/src/qemu/qemu_cgroup.c b/src/qemu/qemu_cgroup.c
index 038d6478b2..f2d99abcfa 100644
--- a/src/qemu/qemu_cgroup.c
+++ b/src/qemu/qemu_cgroup.c
@@ -856,7 +856,9 @@ qemuSetupDevicesCgroup(virDomainObj *vm)
             return -1;
     }
 
-    if (vm->def->sev && qemuSetupSEVCgroup(vm) < 0)
+    if (vm->def->sec &&
+        vm->def->sec->sectype == VIR_DOMAIN_LAUNCH_SECURITY_SEV &&
+        qemuSetupSEVCgroup(vm) < 0)
         return -1;
 
     return 0;
diff --git a/src/qemu/qemu_command.c b/src/qemu/qemu_command.c
index 6af1faa3cd..cccc09c3a8 100644
--- a/src/qemu/qemu_command.c
+++ b/src/qemu/qemu_command.c
@@ -6967,11 +6967,19 @@ qemuBuildMachineCommandLine(virCommand *cmd,
     if (virQEMUCapsGet(qemuCaps, QEMU_CAPS_LOADPARM))
         qemuAppendLoadparmMachineParm(&buf, def);
 
-    if (def->sev) {
-        if (virQEMUCapsGet(qemuCaps, QEMU_CAPS_MACHINE_CONFIDENTAL_GUEST_SUPPORT)) {
-            virBufferAddLit(&buf, ",confidential-guest-support=sev0");
-        } else {
-            virBufferAddLit(&buf, ",memory-encryption=sev0");
+    if (def->sec) {
+        switch ((virDomainLaunchSecurity) def->sec->sectype) {
+        case VIR_DOMAIN_LAUNCH_SECURITY_SEV:
+            if (virQEMUCapsGet(qemuCaps, QEMU_CAPS_MACHINE_CONFIDENTAL_GUEST_SUPPORT)) {
+                virBufferAddLit(&buf, ",confidential-guest-support=sev0");
+            } else {
+                virBufferAddLit(&buf, ",memory-encryption=sev0");
+            }
+            break;
+        case VIR_DOMAIN_LAUNCH_SECURITY_NONE:
+        case VIR_DOMAIN_LAUNCH_SECURITY_LAST:
+            virReportEnumRangeError(virDomainLaunchSecurity, def->sec->sectype);
+            return -1;
         }
     }
 
@@ -9838,9 +9846,6 @@ qemuBuildSEVCommandLine(virDomainObj *vm, virCommand *cmd,
     g_autofree char *dhpath = NULL;
     g_autofree char *sessionpath = NULL;
 
-    if (!sev)
-        return 0;
-
     VIR_DEBUG("policy=0x%x cbitpos=%d reduced_phys_bits=%d",
               sev->policy, sev->cbitpos, sev->reduced_phys_bits);
 
@@ -9867,6 +9872,28 @@ qemuBuildSEVCommandLine(virDomainObj *vm, virCommand *cmd,
     return 0;
 }
 
+
+static int
+qemuBuildSecCommandLine(virDomainObj *vm, virCommand *cmd,
+                        virDomainSecDef *sec)
+{
+    if (!sec)
+        return 0;
+
+    switch ((virDomainLaunchSecurity) sec->sectype) {
+    case VIR_DOMAIN_LAUNCH_SECURITY_SEV:
+        return qemuBuildSEVCommandLine(vm, cmd, &sec->data.sev);
+        break;
+    case VIR_DOMAIN_LAUNCH_SECURITY_NONE:
+    case VIR_DOMAIN_LAUNCH_SECURITY_LAST:
+        virReportEnumRangeError(virDomainLaunchSecurity, sec->sectype);
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+
 static int
 qemuBuildVMCoreInfoCommandLine(virCommand *cmd,
                                const virDomainDef *def)
@@ -10566,7 +10593,7 @@ qemuBuildCommandLine(virQEMUDriver *driver,
     if (qemuBuildVMCoreInfoCommandLine(cmd, def) < 0)
         return NULL;
 
-    if (qemuBuildSEVCommandLine(vm, cmd, def->sev) < 0)
+    if (qemuBuildSecCommandLine(vm, cmd, def->sec) < 0)
         return NULL;
 
     if (snapshot)
diff --git a/src/qemu/qemu_driver.c b/src/qemu/qemu_driver.c
index 521063d438..a2663283ba 100644
--- a/src/qemu/qemu_driver.c
+++ b/src/qemu/qemu_driver.c
@@ -19852,7 +19852,8 @@ qemuDomainGetLaunchSecurityInfo(virDomainPtr domain,
     if (virDomainGetLaunchSecurityInfoEnsureACL(domain->conn, vm->def) < 0)
         goto cleanup;
 
-    if (vm->def->sev) {
+    if (vm->def->sec &&
+        vm->def->sec->sectype == VIR_DOMAIN_LAUNCH_SECURITY_SEV) {
         if (qemuDomainGetSEVMeasurement(driver, vm, params, nparams, flags) < 0)
             goto cleanup;
     }
diff --git a/src/qemu/qemu_firmware.c b/src/qemu/qemu_firmware.c
index e17b024b06..53c4d73ff6 100644
--- a/src/qemu/qemu_firmware.c
+++ b/src/qemu/qemu_firmware.c
@@ -1053,19 +1053,26 @@ qemuFirmwareMatchDomain(const virDomainDef *def,
         return false;
     }
 
-    if (def->sev &&
-        def->sev->sectype == VIR_DOMAIN_LAUNCH_SECURITY_SEV) {
-        if (!supportsSEV) {
-            VIR_DEBUG("Domain requires SEV, firmware '%s' doesn't support it",
-                      path);
-            return false;
-        }
+    if (def->sec) {
+        switch ((virDomainLaunchSecurity) def->sec->sectype) {
+        case VIR_DOMAIN_LAUNCH_SECURITY_SEV:
+            if (!supportsSEV) {
+                VIR_DEBUG("Domain requires SEV, firmware '%s' doesn't support it",
+                          path);
+                return false;
+            }
 
-        if (def->sev->policy & VIR_QEMU_FIRMWARE_AMD_SEV_ES_POLICY &&
-            !supportsSEVES) {
-            VIR_DEBUG("Domain requires SEV-ES, firmware '%s' doesn't support it",
-                      path);
-            return false;
+            if (def->sec->data.sev.policy & VIR_QEMU_FIRMWARE_AMD_SEV_ES_POLICY &&
+                !supportsSEVES) {
+                VIR_DEBUG("Domain requires SEV-ES, firmware '%s' doesn't support it",
+                          path);
+                return false;
+            }
+            break;
+        case VIR_DOMAIN_LAUNCH_SECURITY_NONE:
+        case VIR_DOMAIN_LAUNCH_SECURITY_LAST:
+            virReportEnumRangeError(virDomainLaunchSecurity, def->sec->sectype);
+            return -1;
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/src/qemu/qemu_namespace.c b/src/qemu/qemu_namespace.c
index 4a06e5ceb7..22ee23a14d 100644
--- a/src/qemu/qemu_namespace.c
+++ b/src/qemu/qemu_namespace.c
@@ -594,16 +594,25 @@ static int
 qemuDomainSetupLaunchSecurity(virDomainObj *vm,
                               GSList **paths)
 {
-    virDomainSEVDef *sev = vm->def->sev;
+    virDomainSecDef *sec = vm->def->sec;
 
-    if (!sev || sev->sectype != VIR_DOMAIN_LAUNCH_SECURITY_SEV)
+    if (!sec)
         return 0;
 
-    VIR_DEBUG("Setting up launch security");
+    switch ((virDomainLaunchSecurity) sec->sectype) {
+    case VIR_DOMAIN_LAUNCH_SECURITY_SEV:
+        VIR_DEBUG("Setting up launch security for SEV");
 
-    *paths = g_slist_prepend(*paths, g_strdup(QEMU_DEV_SEV));
+        *paths = g_slist_prepend(*paths, g_strdup(QEMU_DEV_SEV));
+
+        VIR_DEBUG("Set up launch security for SEV");
+        break;
+    case VIR_DOMAIN_LAUNCH_SECURITY_NONE:
+    case VIR_DOMAIN_LAUNCH_SECURITY_LAST:
+        virReportEnumRangeError(virDomainLaunchSecurity, sec->sectype);
+        return -1;
+    }
 
-    VIR_DEBUG("Set up launch security");
     return 0;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/qemu/qemu_process.c b/src/qemu/qemu_process.c
index 914f936e45..b366d3d85a 100644
--- a/src/qemu/qemu_process.c
+++ b/src/qemu/qemu_process.c
@@ -6481,7 +6481,7 @@ qemuProcessUpdateSEVInfo(virDomainObj *vm)
 {
     qemuDomainObjPrivate *priv = vm->privateData;
     virQEMUCaps *qemuCaps = priv->qemuCaps;
-    virDomainSEVDef *sev = vm->def->sev;
+    virDomainSEVDef *sev = &vm->def->sec->data.sev;
     virSEVCapability *sevCaps = NULL;
 
     /* if platform specific info like 'cbitpos' and 'reducedPhysBits' have
@@ -6637,7 +6637,8 @@ qemuProcessPrepareDomain(virQEMUDriver *driver,
     for (i = 0; i < vm->def->nshmems; i++)
         qemuDomainPrepareShmemChardev(vm->def->shmems[i]);
 
-    if (vm->def->sev) {
+    if (vm->def->sec &&
+        vm->def->sec->sectype == VIR_DOMAIN_LAUNCH_SECURITY_SEV) {
         VIR_DEBUG("Updating SEV platform info");
         if (qemuProcessUpdateSEVInfo(vm) < 0)
             return -1;
@@ -6675,10 +6676,7 @@ qemuProcessSEVCreateFile(virDomainObj *vm,
 static int
 qemuProcessPrepareSEVGuestInput(virDomainObj *vm)
 {
-    virDomainSEVDef *sev = vm->def->sev;
-
-    if (!sev)
-        return 0;
+    virDomainSEVDef *sev = &vm->def->sec->data.sev;
 
     VIR_DEBUG("Preparing SEV guest");
 
@@ -6696,6 +6694,27 @@ qemuProcessPrepareSEVGuestInput(virDomainObj *vm)
 }
 
 
+static int
+qemuProcessPrepareLaunchSecurityGuestInput(virDomainObj *vm)
+{
+    virDomainSecDef *sec = vm->def->sec;
+
+    if (!sec)
+        return 0;
+
+    switch ((virDomainLaunchSecurity) sec->sectype) {
+    case VIR_DOMAIN_LAUNCH_SECURITY_SEV:
+        return qemuProcessPrepareSEVGuestInput(vm);
+    case VIR_DOMAIN_LAUNCH_SECURITY_NONE:
+    case VIR_DOMAIN_LAUNCH_SECURITY_LAST:
+        virReportEnumRangeError(virDomainLaunchSecurity, sec->sectype);
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+
 static int
 qemuProcessPrepareHostStorage(virQEMUDriver *driver,
                               virDomainObj *vm,
@@ -6875,7 +6894,7 @@ qemuProcessPrepareHost(virQEMUDriver *driver,
     if (qemuExtDevicesPrepareHost(driver, vm) < 0)
         return -1;
 
-    if (qemuProcessPrepareSEVGuestInput(vm) < 0)
+    if (qemuProcessPrepareLaunchSecurityGuestInput(vm) < 0)
         return -1;
 
     return 0;
diff --git a/src/qemu/qemu_validate.c b/src/qemu/qemu_validate.c
index b133ce3cd6..b4a3d2a181 100644
--- a/src/qemu/qemu_validate.c
+++ b/src/qemu/qemu_validate.c
@@ -1214,12 +1214,21 @@ qemuValidateDomainDef(const virDomainDef *def,
     if (qemuValidateDomainDefPanic(def, qemuCaps) < 0)
         return -1;
 
-    if (def->sev &&
-        !virQEMUCapsGet(qemuCaps, QEMU_CAPS_SEV_GUEST)) {
-        virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
-                       _("SEV launch security is not supported with "
-                         "this QEMU binary"));
-        return -1;
+    if (def->sec) {
+        switch ((virDomainLaunchSecurity) def->sec->sectype) {
+        case VIR_DOMAIN_LAUNCH_SECURITY_SEV:
+            if (!virQEMUCapsGet(qemuCaps, QEMU_CAPS_SEV_GUEST)) {
+                virReportError(VIR_ERR_INTERNAL_ERROR, "%s",
+                               _("SEV launch security is not supported with "
+                                 "this QEMU binary"));
+                return -1;
+            }
+            break;
+        case VIR_DOMAIN_LAUNCH_SECURITY_NONE:
+        case VIR_DOMAIN_LAUNCH_SECURITY_LAST:
+            virReportEnumRangeError(virDomainLaunchSecurity, def->sec->sectype);
+            return -1;
+        }
     }
 
     if (def->naudios > 1 &&
diff --git a/src/security/security_dac.c b/src/security/security_dac.c
index 4909107fcc..b874dd4ab6 100644
--- a/src/security/security_dac.c
+++ b/src/security/security_dac.c
@@ -1958,7 +1958,8 @@ virSecurityDACRestoreAllLabel(virSecurityManager *mgr,
             rc = -1;
     }
 
-    if (def->sev) {
+    if (def->sec &&
+        def->sec->sectype == VIR_DOMAIN_LAUNCH_SECURITY_SEV) {
         if (virSecurityDACRestoreSEVLabel(mgr, def) < 0)
             rc = -1;
     }
@@ -2165,7 +2166,8 @@ virSecurityDACSetAllLabel(virSecurityManager *mgr,
             return -1;
     }
 
-    if (def->sev) {
+    if (def->sec &&
+        def->sec->sectype == VIR_DOMAIN_LAUNCH_SECURITY_SEV) {
         if (virSecurityDACSetSEVLabel(mgr, def) < 0)
             return -1;
     }