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We still default to bhyveloader(1) if no explicit bootloader configuration is supplied in the domain. If the /domain/bootloader looks like grub-bhyve and the user doesn't supply /domain/bootloader_args, we make an intelligent guess and try chainloading the first partition on the disk (or a CD if one exists, under the assumption that for a VM a CD is likely an install source). Caveat: Assumes the HDD boots from the msdos1 partition. I think this is a pretty reasonable assumption for a VM. (DrvBhyve with Bhyveload already assumes that the first disk should be booted.) I've tested both HDD and CD boot and they seem to work.
254 lines
8.7 KiB
XML
254 lines
8.7 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
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<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
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<body>
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<h1>Bhyve driver</h1>
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<ul id="toc"></ul>
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<p>
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Bhyve is a FreeBSD hypervisor. It first appeared in FreeBSD 10.0. However, it's
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recommended to keep tracking FreeBSD 10-STABLE to make sure all new features
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of bhyve are supported.
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In order to enable bhyve on your FreeBSD host, you'll need to load the <code>vmm</code>
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kernel module. Additionally, <code>if_tap</code> and <code>if_bridge</code> modules
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should be loaded for networking support.
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</p>
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<p>
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Additional information on bhyve could be obtained on <a href="http://bhyve.org/">bhyve.org</a>.
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</p>
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<h2><a name="uri">Connections to the Bhyve driver</a></h2>
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<p>
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The libvirt bhyve driver is a single-instance privileged driver. Some sample
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connection URIs are:
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</p>
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<pre>
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bhyve:///system (local access)
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bhyve+unix:///system (local access)
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bhyve+ssh://root@example.com/system (remote access, SSH tunnelled)
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</pre>
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<h2><a name="exconfig">Example guest domain XML configurations</a></h2>
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<h3>Example config</h3>
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<p>
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The bhyve driver in libvirt is in its early stage and under active development. So it supports
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only limited number of features bhyve provides.
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</p>
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<p>
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Note: in older libvirt versions, only a single network device and a single
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disk device were supported per-domain. However,
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<span class="since">since 1.2.6</span> the libvirt bhyve driver supports
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up to 31 PCI devices.
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</p>
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<p>
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Note: the Bhyve driver in libvirt will boot whichever device is first. If you
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want to install from CD, put the CD device first. If not, put the root HDD
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first.
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</p>
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<p>
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Note: Only the SATA bus is supported. Only <code>cdrom</code>- and
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<code>disk</code>-type disks are supported.
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</p>
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<pre>
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<domain type='bhyve'>
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<name>bhyve</name>
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<uuid>df3be7e7-a104-11e3-aeb0-50e5492bd3dc</uuid>
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<memory>219136</memory>
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<currentMemory>219136</currentMemory>
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<vcpu>1</vcpu>
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<os>
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<type>hvm</type>
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</os>
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<features>
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<apic/>
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<acpi/>
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</features>
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<clock offset='utc'/>
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<on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>
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<on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>
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<on_crash>destroy</on_crash>
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<devices>
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<disk type='file'>
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<driver name='file' type='raw'/>
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<source file='/path/to/bhyve_freebsd.img'/>
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<target dev='hda' bus='sata'/>
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</disk>
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<disk type='file' device='cdrom'>
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<driver name='file' type='raw'/>
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<source file='/path/to/cdrom.iso'/>
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<target dev='hdc' bus='sata'/>
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<readonly/>
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</disk>
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<interface type='bridge'>
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<model type='virtio'/>
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<source bridge="virbr0"/>
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</interface>
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</devices>
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</domain>
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</pre>
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<p>(The <disk> sections may be swapped in order to install from
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<em>cdrom.iso</em>.)</p>
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<h3>Example config (Linux guest)</h3>
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<p>
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Note the addition of <bootloader>.
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</p>
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<pre>
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<domain type='bhyve'>
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<name>linux_guest</name>
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<uuid>df3be7e7-a104-11e3-aeb0-50e5492bd3dc</uuid>
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<memory>131072</memory>
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<currentMemory>131072</currentMemory>
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<vcpu>1</vcpu>
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<bootloader>/usr/local/sbin/grub-bhyve</bootloader>
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<os>
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<type>hvm</type>
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</os>
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<features>
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<apic/>
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<acpi/>
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</features>
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<clock offset='utc'/>
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<on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>
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<on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>
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<on_crash>destroy</on_crash>
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<devices>
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<disk type='file' device='disk'>
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<driver name='file' type='raw'/>
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<source file='/path/to/guest_hdd.img'/>
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<target dev='hda' bus='sata'/>
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</disk>
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<disk type='file' device='cdrom'>
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<driver name='file' type='raw'/>
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<source file='/path/to/cdrom.iso'/>
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<target dev='hdc' bus='sata'/>
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<readonly/>
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</disk>
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<interface type='bridge'>
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<model type='virtio'/>
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<source bridge="virbr0"/>
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</interface>
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</devices>
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</domain>
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</pre>
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<h2><a name="usage">Guest usage / management</a></h2>
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<h3><a name="console">Connecting to a guest console</a></h3>
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<p>
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Guest console connection is supported through the <code>nmdm</code> device. It could be enabled by adding
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the following to the domain XML (<span class="since">Since 1.2.4</span>):
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</p>
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<pre>
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...
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<devices>
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<serial type="nmdm">
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<source master="/dev/nmdm0A" slave="/dev/nmdm0B"/>
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</serial>
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</devices>
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...</pre>
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<p>Make sure to load the <code>nmdm</code> kernel module if you plan to use that.</p>
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<p>
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Then <code>virsh console</code> command can be used to connect to the text console
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of a guest.</p>
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<p><b>NB:</b> Some versions of bhyve have a bug that prevents guests from booting
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until the console is opened by a client. This bug was fixed in FreeBSD
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<a href="http://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/base/262884">r262884</a>. If
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an older version is used, one either has to open a console manually with <code>virsh console</code>
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to let a guest boot or start a guest using:</p>
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<pre>start --console domname</pre>
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<p><b>NB:</b> An bootloader configured to require user interaction will prevent
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the domain from starting (and thus <code>virsh console</code> or <code>start
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--console</code> from functioning) until the user interacts with it manually on
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the VM host. Because users typically do not have access to the VM host,
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interactive bootloaders are unsupported by libvirt. <em>However,</em> if you happen to
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run into this scenario and also happen to have access to the Bhyve host
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machine, you may select a boot option and allow the domain to finish starting
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by using an alternative terminal client on the VM host to connect to the
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domain-configured null modem device. One example (assuming
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<code>/dev/nmdm0B</code> is configured as the slave end of the domain serial
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device) is:</p>
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<pre>cu -l /dev/nmdm0B</pre>
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<h3><a name="xmltonative">Converting from domain XML to Bhyve args</a></h3>
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<p>
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The <code>virsh domxml-to-native</code> command can preview the actual
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<code>bhyve</code> commands that will be executed for a given domain.
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It outputs two lines, the first line is a <code>bhyveload</code> command and
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the second is a <code>bhyve</code> command.
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</p>
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<p>Please note that the <code>virsh domxml-to-native</code> doesn't do any
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real actions other than printing the command, for example, it doesn't try to
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find a proper TAP interface and create it, like what is done when starting
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a domain; and always returns <code>tap0</code> for the network interface. So
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if you're going to run these commands manually, most likely you might want to
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tweak them.</p>
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<pre>
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# virsh -c "bhyve:///system" domxml-to-native --format bhyve-argv --xml /path/to/bhyve.xml
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/usr/sbin/bhyveload -m 214 -d /home/user/vm1.img vm1
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/usr/sbin/bhyve -c 2 -m 214 -A -I -H -P -s 0:0,hostbridge -s 3:0,virtio-net,tap0,mac=52:54:00:5d:74:e3 -s 2:0,virtio-blk,/home/user/vm1.img -s 1,lpc -l com1,/dev/nmdm0A vm1
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</pre>
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<h3><a name="zfsvolume">Using ZFS volumes</a></h3>
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<p>It's possible to use ZFS volumes as disk devices <span class="since">since 1.2.8</span>.
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An example of domain XML device entry for that will look like:</p>
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<pre>
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...
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<disk type='volume' device='disk'>
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<source pool='zfspool' volume='vol1'/>
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<target dev='vdb' bus='virtio'/>
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</disk>
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...</pre>
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<p>Please refer to the <a href="storage.html">Storage documentation</a> for more details on storage
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management.</p>
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<h3><a name="grubbhyve">Using grub2-bhyve or Alternative Bootloaders</a></h3>
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<p>It's possible to boot non-FreeBSD guests by specifying an explicit
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bootloader, e.g. <code>grub-bhyve(1)</code>. Arguments to the bootloader may be
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specified as well. If the bootloader is <code>grub-bhyve</code> and arguments
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are omitted, libvirt will try and boot the first disk in the domain (either
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<code>cdrom</code>- or <code>disk</code>-type devices). If the disk type is
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<code>disk</code>, it will attempt to boot from the first partition in the disk
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image.</p>
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<pre>
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...
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<bootloader>/usr/local/sbin/grub-bhyve</bootloader>
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<bootloader_args>...</bootloader_args>
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...
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</pre>
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<p>Caveat: <code>bootloader_args</code> does not support any quoting.
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Filenames, etc, must not have spaces or they will be tokenized incorrectly.</p>
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</body>
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</html>
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