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1ae8eed1b4
One of the top questions by libvirt users is how to create a host
bridge device so that guests can be directly on the physical
network. There are several example documents that explain how to do
this manually, but following them often results in confusion and
failure. virt-manager does a good job of creating a bridge based on an
existing network device, but not everyone wants to use virt-manager.
This patch adds a new command, iface-bridge that makes it just about
as simple as possible to create a new bridge device based on an
existing ethernet/vlan/bond device (including associating IP
configuration with the bridge rather than the now-attached device),
and start that new bridge up ready for action, eg:
virsh iface-bridge eth0 br0
For symmetry's sake, it also adds a command to remove a device from a
bridge, restoring the IP config to the now-unattached device:
virsh iface-unbridge br0
(I had a short debate about whether to do "iface-unbridge eth0"
instead, but that would involve searching through all bridge devices
for the one that contained eth0, which seems like a bit too much
trouble).
NOTE: These two commands require that the netcf library be available
on the host. Hopefully this will provide some extra incentive for
people using suse, debian, ubuntu, and other similar systems to polish
up (and push downstream) the ports to those distros recently pushed to
the upstream netcf repo by Dan Berrange. Anyone interested in helping
with that effort in any way should join the netcf-devel mailing list
(subscription info at
https://fedorahosted.org/mailman/listinfo/netcf-devel)
During creation of the bridge, it's possible to specify whether or not
the STP protocol should be started up on the bridge and, if so, how
many seconds the bridge should squelch traffic from newly added
devices while learning new topology (defaults are stp='on' and
delay='0', which seems to usually work best for bridges used in the
context of libvirt guests).
There is also an option to not immediately start the bridge (and a
similar option to not immediately start the un-attached device after
destroying the bridge. Default is to start the new device, because in
the case of iface-unbridge not starting is strongly discouraged as it
will leave the system with no network connectivity on that interface
(because it's necessary to destroy/undefine the bridge device before
the unattached device can be defined), and it seemed better to make
the option for iface-bridge behave consistently.
NOTE TO THOSE TRYING THESE COMMANDS FOR THE FIRST TIME: to guard
against any "unexpected" change to configuration, it is advisable to
issue an "virsh iface-begin" command before starting any interface
config changes, and "virsh iface-commit" only after you've verified
that everything is working as you expect. If something goes wrong,
you can always run "virsh iface-rollback" or reboot the system (which
should automatically do iface-rollback).
Aside from adding the code for these two functions, and the two
entries into the command table, the only other change to virsh.c was
to add the option name to vshCommandOptInterfaceBy(), because the
iface-unbridge command names its interface option as "bridge".
virsh.pod has also been updated with short descriptions of these two
new commands.
2316 lines
87 KiB
Plaintext
2316 lines
87 KiB
Plaintext
=head1 NAME
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virsh - management user interface
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=head1 SYNOPSIS
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B<virsh> [I<OPTION>]... [I<COMMAND_STRING>]
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B<virsh> [I<OPTION>]... I<COMMAND> [I<ARG>]...
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=head1 DESCRIPTION
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The B<virsh> program is the main interface for managing virsh guest
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domains. The program can be used to create, pause, and shutdown
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domains. It can also be used to list current domains. Libvirt is a C
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toolkit to interact with the virtualization capabilities of recent
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versions of Linux (and other OSes). It is free software available
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under the GNU Lesser General Public License. Virtualization of the
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Linux Operating System means the ability to run multiple instances of
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Operating Systems concurrently on a single hardware system where the
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basic resources are driven by a Linux instance. The library aims at
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providing a long term stable C API. It currently supports Xen, QEmu,
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KVM, LXC, OpenVZ, VirtualBox and VMware ESX.
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The basic structure of most virsh usage is:
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virsh [OPTION]... <command> <domain-id> [ARG]...
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Where I<command> is one of the commands listed below, I<domain-id>
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is the numeric domain id, or the domain name (which will be internally
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translated to domain id), and I<ARGS> are command specific
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options. There are a few exceptions to this rule in the cases where
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the command in question acts on all domains, the entire machine,
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or directly on the xen hypervisor. Those exceptions will be clear for
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each of those commands.
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The B<virsh> program can be used either to run one I<COMMAND> by giving the
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command and its arguments on the shell command line, or a I<COMMAND_STRING>
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which is a single shell argument consisting of multiple I<COMMAND> actions
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and their arguments joined with whitespace, and separated by semicolons
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between commands. Within I<COMMAND_STRING>, virsh understands the
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same single, double, and backslash escapes as the shell, although you must
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add another layer of shell escaping in creating the single shell argument.
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If no command is given in the command line, B<virsh> will then start a minimal
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interpreter waiting for your commands, and the B<quit> command will then exit
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the program.
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The B<virsh> program understands the following I<OPTIONS>.
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=over 4
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=item B<-h>, B<--help>
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Ignore all other arguments, and behave as if the B<help> command were
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given instead.
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=item B<-v>, B<--version[=short]>
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Ignore all other arguments, and prints the version of the libvirt library
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virsh is coming from
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=item B<-V>, B<--version=long>
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Ignore all other arguments, and prints the version of the libvirt library
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virsh is coming from and which options and driver are compiled in.
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=item B<-c>, B<--connect> I<URI>
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Connect to the specified I<URI>, as if by the B<connect> command,
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instead of the default connection.
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=item B<-d>, B<--debug> I<LEVEL>
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Enable debug messages at integer I<LEVEL> and above. I<LEVEL> can
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range from 0 to 4 (default). See the documentation of B<VIRSH_DEBUG>
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environment variable for the description of each I<LEVEL>.
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=item B<-l>, B<--log> I<FILE>
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Output logging details to I<FILE>.
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=item B<-q>, B<--quiet>
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Avoid extra informational messages.
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=item B<-r>, B<--readonly>
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Make the initial connection read-only, as if by the I<--readonly>
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option of the B<connect> command.
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=item B<-t>, B<--timing>
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Output elapsed time information for each command.
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=back
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=head1 NOTES
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Most B<virsh> operations rely upon the libvirt library being able to
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connect to an already running libvirtd service. This can usually be
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done using the command B<service libvirtd start>.
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Most B<virsh> commands require root privileges to run due to the
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communications channels used to talk to the hypervisor. Running as
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non root will return an error.
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Most B<virsh> commands act synchronously, except maybe shutdown,
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setvcpus and setmem. In those cases the fact that the B<virsh>
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program returned, may not mean the action is complete and you
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must poll periodically to detect that the guest completed the
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operation.
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=head1 GENERIC COMMANDS
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The following commands are generic i.e. not specific to a domain.
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=over 4
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=item B<help> [I<command-or-group>]
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This lists each of the virsh commands. When used without options, all
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commands are listed, one per line, grouped into related categories,
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displaying the keyword for each group.
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To display only commands for a specific group, give the keyword for that
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group as an option. For example:
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virsh # help host
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Host and Hypervisor (help keyword 'host'):
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capabilities capabilities
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connect (re)connect to hypervisor
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freecell NUMA free memory
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hostname print the hypervisor hostname
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qemu-attach Attach to existing QEMU process
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qemu-monitor-command QEMU Monitor Command
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sysinfo print the hypervisor sysinfo
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uri print the hypervisor canonical URI
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To display detailed information for a specific command, give its name as the
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option instead. For example:
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virsh # help list
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NAME
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list - list domains
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SYNOPSIS
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list [--inactive] [--all]
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DESCRIPTION
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Returns list of domains.
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OPTIONS
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--inactive list inactive domains
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--all list inactive & active domains
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=item B<quit>, B<exit>
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quit this interactive terminal
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=item B<version>
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Will print out the major version info about what this built from.
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=over 4
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B<Example>
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B<virsh> version
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Compiled against library: libvir 0.0.6
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Using library: libvir 0.0.6
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Using API: Xen 3.0.0
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Running hypervisor: Xen 3.0.0
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=back
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=item B<cd> [I<directory>]
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Will change current directory to I<directory>. The default directory
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for the B<cd> command is the home directory or, if there is no I<HOME>
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variable in the environment, the root directory.
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This command is only available in interactive mode.
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=item B<pwd>
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Will print the current directory.
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=item B<connect> I<URI> [I<--readonly>]
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(Re)-Connect to the hypervisor. When the shell is first started, this
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is automatically run with the I<URI> parameter requested by the C<-c>
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option on the command line. The I<URI> parameter specifies how to
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connect to the hypervisor. The documentation page at
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L<http://libvirt.org/uri.html> list the values supported, but the most
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common are:
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=over 4
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=item xen:///
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this is used to connect to the local Xen hypervisor, this is the default
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=item qemu:///system
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connect locally as root to the daemon supervising QEmu and KVM domains
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=item qemu:///session
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connect locally as a normal user to his own set of QEmu and KVM domains
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=item lxc:///
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connect to a local linux container
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=back
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For remote access see the documentation page on how to make URIs.
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The I<--readonly> option allows for read-only connection
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=item B<uri>
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Prints the hypervisor canonical URI, can be useful in shell mode.
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=item B<hostname>
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Print the hypervisor hostname.
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=item B<sysinfo>
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Print the XML representation of the hypervisor sysinfo, if available.
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=item B<nodeinfo>
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Returns basic information about the node, like number and type of CPU,
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and size of the physical memory. The output corresponds to virNodeInfo
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structure. Specifically, the "CPU socket(s)" field means number of CPU
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sockets per NUMA cell.
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=item B<nodecpustats> [I<cpu>] [I<--percent>]
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Returns cpu stats of the node.
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If I<cpu> is specified, this will prints specified cpu statistics only.
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If I<--percent> is specified, this will prints percentage of each kind of cpu
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statistics during 1 second.
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=item B<nodememstats> [I<cell>]
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Returns memory stats of the node.
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If I<cell> is specified, this will prints specified cell statistics only.
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=item B<capabilities>
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Print an XML document describing the capabilities of the hypervisor
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we are currently connected to. This includes a section on the host
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capabilities in terms of CPU and features, and a set of description
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for each kind of guest which can be virtualized. For a more complete
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description see:
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L<http://libvirt.org/formatcaps.html>
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The XML also show the NUMA topology information if available.
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=item B<inject-nmi> I<domain-id>
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Inject NMI to the guest.
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=item B<list> [I<--inactive> | I<--all>] [I<--managed-save>]
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Prints information about existing domains. If no options are
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specified it prints out information about running domains.
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An example format for the list is as follows:
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B<virsh> list
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Id Name State
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----------------------------------
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0 Domain-0 running
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2 fedora paused
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Name is the name of the domain. ID the domain numeric id.
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State is the run state (see below).
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B<STATES>
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The State field lists 7 states for a domain, and which ones the
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current domain is in.
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=over 4
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=item B<running>
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The domain is currently running on a CPU
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=item B<idle>
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The domain is idle, and not running or runnable. This can be caused
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because the domain is waiting on IO (a traditional wait state) or has
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gone to sleep because there was nothing else for it to do.
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=item B<paused>
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The domain has been paused, usually occurring through the administrator
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running B<virsh suspend>. When in a paused state the domain will still
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consume allocated resources like memory, but will not be eligible for
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scheduling by the hypervisor.
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=item B<send-key> I<domain-id> [I<--codeset> B<codeset>]
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[I<--holdtime> B<holdtime>] I<keycode>...
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Parse the I<keycode> sequence as keystrokes to send to I<domain-id>.
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Each I<keycode> can either be a numeric value or a symbolic name from
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the corresponding codeset. If I<--holdtime> is given, each keystroke
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will be held for that many milliseconds. The default codeset is
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B<linux>, but use of the I<--codeset> option allows other codesets to
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be chosen.
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=over 4
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=item B<linux>
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The numeric values are those defined by the Linux generic input
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event subsystem. The symbolic names match the corresponding
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Linux key constant macro names.
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=item B<xt>
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The numeric values are those defined by the original XT keyboard
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controller. No symbolic names are provided
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=item B<atset1>
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The numeric values are those defined by the AT keyboard controller,
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set 1 (aka XT compatible set). Extended keycoes from B<atset1>
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may differ from extended keycodes in the B<xt> codeset. No symbolic
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names are provided
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=item B<atset2>
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The numeric values are those defined by the AT keyboard controller,
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set 2. No symbolic names are provided
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=item B<atset3>
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The numeric values are those defined by the AT keyboard controller,
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set 3 (aka PS/2 compatible set). No symbolic names are provided
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=item B<os_x>
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The numeric values are those defined by the OS-X keyboard input
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subsystem. The symbolic names match the corresponding OS-X key
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constant macro names
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=item B<xt_kbd>
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The numeric values are those defined by the Linux KBD device.
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These are a variant on the original XT codeset, but often with
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different encoding for extended keycodes. No symbolic names are
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provided.
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=item B<win32>
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The numeric values are those defined by the Win32 keyboard input
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subsystem. The symbolic names match the corresponding Win32 key
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constant macro names
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=item B<usb>
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The numeric values are those defined by the USB HID specification
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for keyboard input. No symbolic names are provided
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=item B<rfb>
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The numeric values are those defined by the RFB extension for sending
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raw keycodes. These are a variant on the XT codeset, but extended
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keycodes have the low bit of the second byte set, instead of the high
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bit of the first byte. No symbolic names are provided.
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=back
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B<Examples>
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# send three strokes 'k', 'e', 'y', using xt codeset
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virsh send-key dom --codeset xt 37 18 21
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# send one stroke 'right-ctrl+C'
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virsh send-key dom KEY_RIGHTCTRL KEY_C
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# send a tab, held for 1 second
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virsh send-key --holdtime 1000 0xf
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=item B<shutdown>
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The domain is in the process of shutting down, i.e. the guest operating system
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has been notified and should be in the process of stopping its operations
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gracefully.
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=item B<shut off>
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The domain is not running. Usually this indicates the domain has been
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shut down completely, or has not been started.
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=item B<crashed>
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The domain has crashed, which is always a violent ending. Usually
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this state can only occur if the domain has been configured not to
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restart on crash.
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=item B<dying>
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The domain is in process of dying, but hasn't completely shutdown or
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crashed.
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=back
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If I<--managed-save> is specified, then domains that have managed save
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state (only possible if they are in the B<shut off> state) will
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instead show as B<saved> in the listing.
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=item B<freecell> [B<cellno> | I<--all>]
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Prints the available amount of memory on the machine or within a
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NUMA cell if I<cellno> is provided. If I<--all> is provided instead
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of I<--cellno>, then show the information on all NUMA cells.
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=item B<cpu-baseline> I<FILE>
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Compute baseline CPU which will be supported by all host CPUs given in <file>.
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The list of host CPUs is built by extracting all <cpu> elements from the
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<file>. Thus, the <file> can contain either a set of <cpu> elements separated
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by new lines or even a set of complete <capabilities> elements printed by
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B<capabilities> command.
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=item B<cpu-compare> I<FILE>
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Compare CPU definition from XML <file> with host CPU. The XML <file> may
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contain either host or guest CPU definition. The host CPU definition is the
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<cpu> element and its contents as printed by B<capabilities> command. The
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guest CPU definition is the <cpu> element and its contents from domain XML
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definition. For more information on guest CPU definition see:
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L<http://libvirt.org/formatdomain.html#elementsCPU>
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=back
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=head1 DOMAIN COMMANDS
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The following commands manipulate domains directly, as stated
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previously most commands take domain-id as the first parameter. The
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I<domain-id> can be specified as a short integer, a name or a full UUID.
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=over 4
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=item B<autostart> [I<--disable>] I<domain-id>
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Configure a domain to be automatically started at boot.
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The option I<--disable> disables autostarting.
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=item B<console> I<domain-id> [I<devname>]
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Connect the virtual serial console for the guest. The optional
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I<devname> parameter refers to the device alias of an alternate
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console, serial or parallel device configured for the guest.
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If omitted, the primary console will be opened.
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=item B<create> I<FILE> [I<--console>] [I<--paused>] [I<--autodestroy>]
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Create a domain from an XML <file>. An easy way to create the XML
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<file> is to use the B<dumpxml> command to obtain the definition of a
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pre-existing guest. The domain will be paused if the I<--paused> option
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is used and supported by the driver; otherwise it will be running.
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If I<--console> is requested, attach to the console after creation.
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If I<--autodestroy> is requested, then the guest will be automatically
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destroyed when virsh closes its connection to libvirt, or otherwise
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exits.
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B<Example>
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virsh dumpxml <domain-id> > domain.xml
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vi domain.xml (or make changes with your other text editor)
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virsh create < domain.xml
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=item B<define> I<FILE>
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Define a domain from an XML <file>. The domain definition is registered
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but not started.
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=item B<destroy> I<domain-id>
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Immediately terminate the domain domain-id. This doesn't give the domain
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OS any chance to react, and it's the equivalent of ripping the power
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cord out on a physical machine. In most cases you will want to use
|
|
the B<shutdown> command instead. However, this does not delete any
|
|
storage volumes used by the guest, and if the domain is persistent, it
|
|
can be restarted later.
|
|
|
|
If I<domain-id> is transient, then the metadata of any snapshots will
|
|
be lost once the guest stops running, but the snapshot contents still
|
|
exist, and a new domain with the same name and UUID can restore the
|
|
snapshot metadata with B<snapshot-create>.
|
|
|
|
=item B<domblkstat> I<domain> I<block-device> [I<--human>]
|
|
|
|
Get device block stats for a running domain. A I<block-device> corresponds
|
|
to a unique target name (<target dev='name'/>) or source file (<source
|
|
file='name'/>) for one of the disk devices attached to I<domain> (see
|
|
also B<domblklist> for listing these names).
|
|
|
|
Use I<--human> for a more human readable output.
|
|
|
|
Availability of these fields depends on hypervisor. Unsupported fields are
|
|
missing from the output. Other fields may appear if communicating with a newer
|
|
version of libvirtd.
|
|
|
|
B<Explanation of fields> (fields appear in the folowing order):
|
|
rd_req - count of read operations
|
|
rd_bytes - count of read bytes
|
|
wr_req - count of write operations
|
|
wr_bytes - count of written bytes
|
|
errs - error count
|
|
flush_operations - count of flush operations
|
|
rd_total_times - total time read operations took (ns)
|
|
wr_total_times - total time write operations took (ns)
|
|
flush_total_times - total time flush operations took (ns)
|
|
<-- other fields provided by hypervisor -->
|
|
|
|
=item B<domifstat> I<domain> I<interface-device>
|
|
|
|
Get network interface stats for a running domain.
|
|
|
|
=item B<domif-setlink> I<domain> I<interface-MAC> I<state> I<--persistent>
|
|
|
|
Modify link state of the domain's virtual interface. Possible values for
|
|
state are "up" and "down. If --persistent is specified, only the persistent
|
|
configuration of the domain is modified.
|
|
|
|
=item B<domif-getlink> I<domain> I<interface-MAC> I<--persistent>
|
|
|
|
Query link state of the domain's virtual interface. If --persistent
|
|
is specified, query the persistent configuration.
|
|
|
|
=item B<dommemstat> I<domain>
|
|
|
|
Get memory stats for a running domain.
|
|
|
|
=item B<domblkinfo> I<domain> I<block-device>
|
|
|
|
Get block device size info for a domain. A I<block-device> corresponds
|
|
to a unique target name (<target dev='name'/>) or source file (<source
|
|
file='name'/>) for one of the disk devices attached to I<domain> (see
|
|
also B<domblklist> for listing these names).
|
|
|
|
=item B<domblklist> I<domain> [I<--inactive>]
|
|
|
|
Print a table showing the names of all block devices associated with
|
|
I<domain>, as well as the path to the source of each device. If
|
|
I<--inactive> is specified, query the block devices that will be used
|
|
on the next boot, rather than those currently in use by a running
|
|
domain. Other contexts that require a block device name (such as
|
|
I<domblkinfo> or I<snapshot-create> for disk snapshots) will accept
|
|
either target or unique source names printed by this command.
|
|
|
|
=item B<blockpull> I<domain> I<path> [I<bandwidth>]
|
|
|
|
Populate a disk from its backing image. Once all data from its backing
|
|
image has been pulled, the disk no longer depends on the backing image.
|
|
It pulls data for the entire disk in the background, the process of the
|
|
operation can be checked with B<blockjob>.
|
|
|
|
I<path> specifies fully-qualified path of the disk.
|
|
I<bandwidth> specifies copying bandwidth limit in Mbps.
|
|
|
|
=item B<blockjob> I<domain> I<path> [I<--abort>] [I<--info>] [I<bandwidth>]
|
|
|
|
Manage active block operations.
|
|
|
|
I<path> specifies fully-qualified path of the disk.
|
|
If I<--abort> is specified, the active job on the specified disk will
|
|
be aborted.
|
|
If I<--info> is specified, the active job information on the specified
|
|
disk will be printed.
|
|
I<bandwidth> can be used to set bandwidth limit for the active job.
|
|
|
|
=item B<dominfo> I<domain-id>
|
|
|
|
Returns basic information about the domain.
|
|
|
|
=item B<domuuid> I<domain-name-or-id>
|
|
|
|
Convert a domain name or id to domain UUID
|
|
|
|
=item B<domid> I<domain-name-or-uuid>
|
|
|
|
Convert a domain name (or UUID) to a domain id
|
|
|
|
=item B<domjobabort> I<domain-id-or-uuid>
|
|
|
|
Abort the currently running domain job.
|
|
|
|
=item B<domjobinfo> I<domain-id-or-uuid>
|
|
|
|
Returns information about jobs running on a domain.
|
|
|
|
=item B<domname> I<domain-id-or-uuid>
|
|
|
|
Convert a domain Id (or UUID) to domain name
|
|
|
|
=item B<domstate> I<domain-id> [I<--reason>]
|
|
|
|
Returns state about a domain. I<--reason> tells virsh to also print
|
|
reason for the state.
|
|
|
|
=item B<domcontrol> I<domain-id>
|
|
|
|
Returns state of an interface to VMM used to control a domain. For
|
|
states other than "ok" or "error" the command also prints number of
|
|
seconds elapsed since the control interface entered its current state.
|
|
|
|
=item B<domxml-from-native> I<format> I<config>
|
|
|
|
Convert the file I<config> in the native guest configuration format
|
|
named by I<format> to a domain XML format.
|
|
|
|
=item B<domxml-to-native> I<format> I<xml>
|
|
|
|
Convert the file I<xml> in domain XML format to the native guest
|
|
configuration format named by I<format>.
|
|
|
|
=item B<dump> I<domain-id> I<corefilepath> [I<--bypass-cache>]
|
|
{ [I<--live>] | [I<--crash>] | [I<--reset>] }
|
|
|
|
Dumps the core of a domain to a file for analysis.
|
|
If I<--live> is specified, the domain continues to run until the core
|
|
dump is complete, rather than pausing up front.
|
|
If I<--crash> is specified, the domain is halted with a crashed status,
|
|
rather than merely left in a paused state.
|
|
If I<--reset> is specified, the domain is reset after successful dump.
|
|
Note, these three switches are mutually exclusive.
|
|
If I<--bypass-cache> is specified, the save will avoid the file system
|
|
cache, although this may slow down the operation.
|
|
|
|
The progress may be monitored using B<domjobinfo> virsh command and canceled
|
|
with B<domjobabort> command (sent by another virsh instance). Interrupting
|
|
(usually with C<Ctrl-C>) the virsh process which runs B<dump> command is not
|
|
enough to actually cancel the operation.
|
|
|
|
NOTE: Some hypervisors may require the user to manually ensure proper
|
|
permissions on file and path specified by argument I<corefilepath>.
|
|
|
|
=item B<dumpxml> I<domain-id> [I<--inactive>] [I<--security-info>]
|
|
[I<--update-cpu>]
|
|
|
|
Output the domain information as an XML dump to stdout, this format can be used
|
|
by the B<create> command. Additional options affecting the XML dump may be
|
|
used. I<--inactive> tells virsh to dump domain configuration that will be used
|
|
on next start of the domain as opposed to the current domain configuration.
|
|
Using I<--security-info> will also include security sensitive information
|
|
in the XML dump. I<--update-cpu> updates domain CPU requirements according to
|
|
host CPU.
|
|
|
|
=item B<echo> [I<--shell>] [I<--xml>] [I<arg>...]
|
|
|
|
Echo back each I<arg>, separated by space. If I<--shell> is
|
|
specified, then the output will be single-quoted where needed, so that
|
|
it is suitable for reuse in a shell context. If I<--xml> is
|
|
specified, then the output will be escaped for use in XML.
|
|
|
|
=item B<edit> I<domain-id>
|
|
|
|
Edit the XML configuration file for a domain.
|
|
|
|
This is equivalent to:
|
|
|
|
virsh dumpxml domain > domain.xml
|
|
vi domain.xml (or make changes with your other text editor)
|
|
virsh define domain.xml
|
|
|
|
except that it does some error checking.
|
|
|
|
The editor used can be supplied by the C<$VISUAL> or C<$EDITOR> environment
|
|
variables, and defaults to C<vi>.
|
|
|
|
=item B<managedsave> I<domain-id> [I<--bypass-cache>]
|
|
[{I<--running> | I<--paused>}]
|
|
|
|
Save and destroy (stop) a running domain, so it can be restarted from the same
|
|
state at a later time. When the virsh B<start> command is next run for
|
|
the domain, it will automatically be started from this saved state.
|
|
If I<--bypass-cache> is specified, the save will avoid the file system
|
|
cache, although this may slow down the operation.
|
|
|
|
The progress may be monitored using B<domjobinfo> virsh command and canceled
|
|
with B<domjobabort> command (sent by another virsh instance). Interrupting
|
|
(usually with C<Ctrl-C>) the virsh process which runs B<managedsave> command
|
|
is not enough to actually cancel the operation.
|
|
|
|
Normally, starting a managed save will decide between running or paused
|
|
based on the state the domain was in when the save was done; passing
|
|
either the I<--running> or I<--paused> flag will allow overriding which
|
|
state the B<start> should use.
|
|
|
|
The B<dominfo> command can be used to query whether a domain currently
|
|
has any managed save image.
|
|
|
|
=item B<managedsave-remove> I<domain-id>
|
|
|
|
Remove the B<managedsave> state file for a domain, if it exists. This
|
|
ensures the domain will do a full boot the next time it is started.
|
|
|
|
=item B<maxvcpus> [I<type>]
|
|
|
|
Provide the maximum number of virtual CPUs supported for a guest VM on
|
|
this connection. If provided, the I<type> parameter must be a valid
|
|
type attribute for the <domain> element of XML.
|
|
|
|
=item B<migrate> [I<--live>] [I<--direct>] [I<--p2p> [I<--tunnelled>]]
|
|
[I<--persistent>] [I<--undefinesource>] [I<--suspend>] [I<--copy-storage-all>]
|
|
[I<--copy-storage-inc>] [I<--change-protection>] [I<--verbose>]
|
|
I<domain-id> I<desturi> [I<migrateuri>] [I<dname>]
|
|
[I<--timeout> B<seconds>] [I<--xml> B<file>]
|
|
|
|
Migrate domain to another host. Add I<--live> for live migration; I<--p2p>
|
|
for peer-2-peer migration; I<--direct> for direct migration; or I<--tunnelled>
|
|
for tunnelled migration. I<--persistent> leaves the domain persistent on
|
|
destination host, I<--undefinesource> undefines the domain on the source host,
|
|
and I<--suspend> leaves the domain paused on the destination host.
|
|
I<--copy-storage-all> indicates migration with non-shared storage with full
|
|
disk copy, I<--copy-storage-inc> indicates migration with non-shared storage
|
|
with incremental copy (same base image shared between source and destination).
|
|
In both cases the disk images have to exist on destination host, the
|
|
I<--copy-storage-...> options only tell libvirt to transfer data from the
|
|
images on source host to the images found at the same place on the destination
|
|
host. I<--change-protection> enforces that no incompatible configuration
|
|
changes will be made to the domain while the migration is underway; this flag
|
|
is implicitly enabled when supported by the hypervisor, but can be explicitly
|
|
used to reject the migration if the hypervisor lacks change protection
|
|
support. I<--verbose> displays the progress of migration.
|
|
|
|
The I<desturi> is the connection URI of the destination host, and
|
|
I<migrateuri> is the migration URI, which usually can be omitted.
|
|
I<dname> is used for renaming the domain to new name during migration, which
|
|
also usually can be omitted. Likewise, I<--xml> B<file> is usually
|
|
omitted, but can be used to supply an alternative XML file for use on
|
|
the destination to supply a larger set of changes to any host-specific
|
|
portions of the domain XML, such as accounting for naming differences
|
|
between source and destination in accessing underlying storage.
|
|
|
|
I<--timeout> B<seconds> forces guest to suspend when live migration exceeds
|
|
that many seconds, and
|
|
then the migration will complete offline. It can only be used with I<--live>.
|
|
|
|
Running migration can be canceled by interrupting virsh (usually using
|
|
C<Ctrl-C>) or by B<domjobabort> command sent from another virsh instance.
|
|
|
|
B<Note>: The I<desturi> parameter for normal migration and peer2peer migration
|
|
has different semantics:
|
|
|
|
=over 4
|
|
|
|
=item * normal migration: the I<desturi> is an address of the target host as
|
|
seen from the client machine.
|
|
|
|
=item * peer2peer migration: the I<desturi> is an address of the target host as
|
|
seen from the source machine.
|
|
|
|
=back
|
|
|
|
=item B<migrate-setmaxdowntime> I<domain-id> I<downtime>
|
|
|
|
Set maximum tolerable downtime for a domain which is being live-migrated to
|
|
another host. The I<downtime> is a number of milliseconds the guest is allowed
|
|
to be down at the end of live migration.
|
|
|
|
=item B<migrate-setspeed> I<domain-id> I<bandwidth>
|
|
|
|
Set the maximum migration bandwidth (in Mbps) for a domain which is being
|
|
migrated to another host.
|
|
|
|
=item B<migrate-getspeed> I<domain-id>
|
|
|
|
Get the maximum migration bandwidth (in Mbps) for a domain.
|
|
|
|
=item B<reboot> I<domain-id>
|
|
|
|
Reboot a domain. This acts just as if the domain had the B<reboot>
|
|
command run from the console. The command returns as soon as it has
|
|
executed the reboot action, which may be significantly before the
|
|
domain actually reboots.
|
|
|
|
The exact behavior of a domain when it reboots is set by the
|
|
I<on_reboot> parameter in the domain's XML definition.
|
|
|
|
=item B<reset> I<domain-id>
|
|
|
|
Reset a domain immediately without any guest shutdown. B<reset>
|
|
emulates the power reset button on a machine, where all guest
|
|
hardware sees the RST line set and reinitializes internal state.
|
|
|
|
B<Note>: Reset without any guest OS shutdown risks data loss.
|
|
|
|
=item B<restore> I<state-file> [I<--bypass-cache>] [I<--xml> B<file>]
|
|
[{I<--running> | I<--paused>}]
|
|
|
|
Restores a domain from a B<virsh save> state file. See I<save> for more info.
|
|
|
|
If I<--bypass-cache> is specified, the restore will avoid the file system
|
|
cache, although this may slow down the operation.
|
|
|
|
I<--xml> B<file> is usually omitted, but can be used to supply an
|
|
alternative XML file for use on the restored guest with changes only
|
|
in the host-specific portions of the domain XML. For example, it can
|
|
be used to account for file naming differences in underlying storage
|
|
due to disk snapshots taken after the guest was saved.
|
|
|
|
Normally, restoring a saved image will use the state recorded in the
|
|
save image to decide between running or paused; passing either the
|
|
I<--running> or I<--paused> flag will allow overriding which state the
|
|
domain should be started in.
|
|
|
|
B<Note>: To avoid corrupting file system contents within the domain, you
|
|
should not reuse the saved state file for a second B<restore> unless you
|
|
have also reverted all storage volumes back to the same contents as when
|
|
the state file was created.
|
|
|
|
=item B<save> I<domain-id> I<state-file> [I<--bypass-cache>] [I<--xml> B<file>]
|
|
[{I<--running> | I<--paused>}]
|
|
|
|
Saves a running domain (RAM, but not disk state) to a state file so that
|
|
it can be restored
|
|
later. Once saved, the domain will no longer be running on the
|
|
system, thus the memory allocated for the domain will be free for
|
|
other domains to use. B<virsh restore> restores from this state file.
|
|
If I<--bypass-cache> is specified, the save will avoid the file system
|
|
cache, although this may slow down the operation.
|
|
|
|
The progress may be monitored using B<domjobinfo> virsh command and canceled
|
|
with B<domjobabort> command (sent by another virsh instance). Interrupting
|
|
(usually with C<Ctrl-C>) the virsh process which runs B<save> command is not
|
|
enough to actually cancel the operation.
|
|
|
|
This is roughly equivalent to doing a hibernate on a running computer,
|
|
with all the same limitations. Open network connections may be
|
|
severed upon restore, as TCP timeouts may have expired.
|
|
|
|
I<--xml> B<file> is usually omitted, but can be used to supply an
|
|
alternative XML file for use on the restored guest with changes only
|
|
in the host-specific portions of the domain XML. For example, it can
|
|
be used to account for file naming differences that are planned to
|
|
be made via disk snapshots of underlying storage after the guest is saved.
|
|
|
|
Normally, restoring a saved image will decide between running or paused
|
|
based on the state the domain was in when the save was done; passing
|
|
either the I<--running> or I<--paused> flag will allow overriding which
|
|
state the B<restore> should use.
|
|
|
|
Domain saved state files assume that disk images will be unchanged
|
|
between the creation and restore point. For a more complete system
|
|
restore point, where the disk state is saved alongside the memory
|
|
state, see the B<snapshot> family of commands.
|
|
|
|
=item B<save-image-define> I<file> I<xml> [{I<--running> | I<--paused>}]
|
|
|
|
Update the domain XML that will be used when I<file> is later
|
|
used in the B<restore> command. The I<xml> argument must be a file
|
|
name containing the alternative XML, with changes only in the
|
|
host-specific portions of the domain XML. For example, it can
|
|
be used to account for file naming differences resulting from creating
|
|
disk snapshots of underlying storage after the guest was saved.
|
|
|
|
The save image records whether the domain should be restored to a
|
|
running or paused state. Normally, this command does not alter the
|
|
recorded state; passing either the I<--running> or I<--paused> flag
|
|
will allow overriding which state the B<restore> should use.
|
|
|
|
=item B<save-image-dumpxml> I<file> [I<--security-info>]
|
|
|
|
Extract the domain XML that was in effect at the time the saved state
|
|
file I<file> was created with the B<save> command. Using
|
|
I<--security-info> will also include security sensitive information.
|
|
|
|
=item B<save-image-edit> I<file> [{I<--running> | I<--paused>}]
|
|
|
|
Edit the XML configuration associated with a saved state file I<file>
|
|
created by the B<save> command.
|
|
|
|
The save image records whether the domain should be restored to a
|
|
running or paused state. Normally, this command does not alter the
|
|
recorded state; passing either the I<--running> or I<--paused> flag
|
|
will allow overriding which state the B<restore> should use.
|
|
|
|
This is equivalent to:
|
|
|
|
virsh save-image-dumpxml state-file > state-file.xml
|
|
vi state-file.xml (or make changes with your other text editor)
|
|
virsh save-image-define state-file state-file-xml
|
|
|
|
except that it does some error checking.
|
|
|
|
The editor used can be supplied by the C<$VISUAL> or C<$EDITOR> environment
|
|
variables, and defaults to C<vi>.
|
|
|
|
=item B<schedinfo> [I<--set> B<parameter=value>] I<domain-id> [[I<--config>]
|
|
[I<--live>] | [I<--current>]]
|
|
|
|
=item B<schedinfo> [I<--weight> B<number>] [I<--cap> B<number>]
|
|
I<domain-id>
|
|
|
|
Allows you to show (and set) the domain scheduler parameters. The parameters
|
|
available for each hypervisor are:
|
|
|
|
LXC (posix scheduler) : cpu_shares
|
|
|
|
QEMU/KVM (posix scheduler): cpu_shares, vcpu_period, vcpu_quota
|
|
|
|
Xen (credit scheduler): weight, cap
|
|
|
|
ESX (allocation scheduler): reservation, limit, shares
|
|
|
|
If I<--live> is specified, set scheduler information of a running guest.
|
|
If I<--config> is specified, affect the next boot of a persistent guest.
|
|
If I<--current> is specified, affect the current guest state.
|
|
|
|
B<Note>: The cpu_shares parameter has a valid value range of 0-262144; Negative
|
|
values are wrapped to positive, and larger values are capped at the maximum.
|
|
Therefore, -1 is a useful shorthand for 262144. On the Linux kernel, the
|
|
values 0 and 1 are automatically converted to a minimal value of 2.
|
|
|
|
B<Note>: The weight and cap parameters are defined only for the
|
|
XEN_CREDIT scheduler and are now I<DEPRECATED>.
|
|
|
|
B<Note>: The vcpu_period parameter has a valid value range of 1000-1000000 or
|
|
0, and the vcpu_quota parameter has a valid value range of
|
|
1000-18446744073709551 or less than 0. The value 0 for either parameter is
|
|
the same as not specifying that parameter.
|
|
|
|
=item B<screenshot> I<domain-id> [I<imagefilepath>] [I<--screen> B<screenID>]
|
|
|
|
Takes a screenshot of a current domain console and stores it into a file.
|
|
Optionally, if hypervisor supports more displays for a domain, I<screenID>
|
|
allows to specify which screen will be captured. It is the sequential number
|
|
of screen. In case of multiple graphics cards, heads are enumerated before
|
|
devices, e.g. having two graphics cards, both with four heads, screen ID 5
|
|
addresses the second head on the second card.
|
|
|
|
=item B<setmem> I<domain-id> B<kilobytes> [[I<--config>] [I<--live>] |
|
|
[I<--current>]]
|
|
|
|
Change the memory allocation for a guest domain.
|
|
If I<--live> is specified, perform a memory balloon of a running guest.
|
|
If I<--config> is specified, affect the next boot of a persistent guest.
|
|
If I<--current> is specified, affect the current guest state.
|
|
Both I<--live> and I<--config> flags may be given, but I<--current> is
|
|
exclusive. If no flag is specified, behavior is different depending
|
|
on hypervisor.
|
|
|
|
Some hypervisors require a larger granularity than kilobytes, and requests
|
|
that are not an even multiple will be rounded up. For example, vSphere/ESX
|
|
rounds the parameter up unless the kB argument is evenly divisible by 1024
|
|
(that is, the kB argument happens to represent megabytes).
|
|
|
|
For Xen, you can only adjust the memory of a running domain if the domain is
|
|
paravirtualized or running the PV balloon driver.
|
|
|
|
=item B<setmaxmem> I<domain-id> B<kilobytes> [[I<--config>] [I<--live>] |
|
|
[I<--current>]]
|
|
|
|
Change the maximum memory allocation limit for a guest domain.
|
|
If I<--live> is specified, affect a running guest.
|
|
If I<--config> is specified, affect the next boot of a persistent guest.
|
|
If I<--current> is specified, affect the current guest state.
|
|
Both I<--live> and I<--current> flags may be given, but I<--current> is
|
|
exclusive. If no flag is specified, behavior is different depending
|
|
on hypervisor.
|
|
|
|
This command works for at least the Xen, QEMU/KVM and vSphere/ESX hypervisors.
|
|
|
|
Some hypervisors require a larger granularity than kilobytes, rounding up
|
|
requests that are not an even multiple of the desired amount. vSphere/ESX
|
|
is one of these, requiring the parameter to be evenly divisible by 4MB. For
|
|
vSphere/ESX, 263168 (257MB) would be rounded up because it's not a multiple
|
|
of 4MB, while 266240 (260MB) is valid without rounding.
|
|
|
|
|
|
=item B<memtune> I<domain-id> [I<--hard-limit> B<kilobytes>]
|
|
[I<--soft-limit> B<kilobytes>] [I<--swap-hard-limit> B<kilobytes>]
|
|
[I<--min-guarantee> B<kilobytes>] [[I<--config>] [I<--live>] | [I<--current>]]
|
|
|
|
Allows you to display or set the domain memory parameters. Without
|
|
flags, the current settings are displayed; with a flag, the
|
|
appropriate limit is adjusted if supported by the hypervisor. LXC and
|
|
QEMU/KVM support I<--hard-limit>, I<--soft-limit>, and I<--swap-hard-limit>.
|
|
I<--min-guarantee> is supported only by ESX hypervisor.
|
|
|
|
If I<--live> is specified, affect a running guest.
|
|
If I<--config> is specified, affect the next boot of a persistent guest.
|
|
If I<--current> is specified, affect the current guest state.
|
|
Both I<--live> and I<--current> flags may be given, but I<--current> is
|
|
exclusive. If no flag is specified, behavior is different depending
|
|
on hypervisor.
|
|
|
|
For QEMU/KVM, the parameters are applied to the QEMU process as a whole.
|
|
Thus, when counting them, one needs to add up guest RAM, guest video RAM, and
|
|
some memory overhead of QEMU itself. The last piece is hard to determine so
|
|
one needs guess and try.
|
|
|
|
=over 4
|
|
|
|
=item I<--hard-limit>
|
|
|
|
The maximum memory the guest can use. The units for this value are kilobytes
|
|
(i.e. blocks of 1024 bytes).
|
|
|
|
=item I<--soft-limit>
|
|
|
|
The memory limit to enforce during memory contention. The units for this
|
|
value are kilobytes (i.e. blocks of 1024 bytes).
|
|
|
|
=item I<--swap-hard-limit>
|
|
|
|
The maximum memory plus swap the guest can use. The units for this value are
|
|
kilobytes (i.e. blocks of 1024 bytes). This has to be more than hard-limit
|
|
value provided.
|
|
|
|
=item I<--min-guarantee>
|
|
|
|
The guaranteed minimum memory allocation for the guest. The units for this
|
|
value are kilobytes (i.e. blocks of 1024 bytes).
|
|
|
|
=back
|
|
|
|
Specifying -1 as a value for these limits is interpreted as unlimited.
|
|
|
|
=item B<blkiotune> I<domain-id> [I<--weight> B<weight>] [[I<--config>]
|
|
[I<--live>] | [I<--current>]]
|
|
|
|
Display or set the blkio parameters. QEMU/KVM supports I<--weight>.
|
|
I<--weight> is in range [100, 1000].
|
|
|
|
If I<--live> is specified, affect a running guest.
|
|
If I<--config> is specified, affect the next boot of a persistent guest.
|
|
If I<--current> is specified, affect the current guest state.
|
|
Both I<--live> and I<--current> flags may be given, but I<--current> is
|
|
exclusive. If no flag is specified, behavior is different depending
|
|
on hypervisor.
|
|
|
|
=item B<setvcpus> I<domain-id> I<count> [I<--maximum>] [[I<--config>]
|
|
[I<--live>] | [I<--current>]]
|
|
|
|
Change the number of virtual CPUs active in a guest domain. By default,
|
|
this command works on active guest domains. To change the settings for an
|
|
inactive guest domain, use the I<--config> flag.
|
|
|
|
The I<count> value may be limited by host, hypervisor, or a limit coming
|
|
from the original description of the guest domain. For Xen, you can only
|
|
adjust the virtual CPUs of a running domain if the domain is paravirtualized.
|
|
|
|
If the I<--config> flag is specified, the change is made to the stored XML
|
|
configuration for the guest domain, and will only take effect when the guest
|
|
domain is next started.
|
|
|
|
If I<--live> is specified, the guest domain must be active, and the change
|
|
takes place immediately. Both the I<--config> and I<--live> flags may be
|
|
specified together if supported by the hypervisor.
|
|
|
|
If I<--current> is specified, affect the current guest state.
|
|
|
|
When no flags are given, the I<--live>
|
|
flag is assumed and the guest domain must be active. In this situation it
|
|
is up to the hypervisor whether the I<--config> flag is also assumed, and
|
|
therefore whether the XML configuration is adjusted to make the change
|
|
persistent.
|
|
|
|
The I<--maximum> flag controls the maximum number of virtual cpus that can
|
|
be hot-plugged the next time the domain is booted. As such, it must only be
|
|
used with the I<--config> flag, and not with the I<--live> flag.
|
|
|
|
=item B<shutdown> I<domain-id>
|
|
|
|
Gracefully shuts down a domain. This coordinates with the domain OS
|
|
to perform graceful shutdown, so there is no guarantee that it will
|
|
succeed, and may take a variable length of time depending on what
|
|
services must be shutdown in the domain.
|
|
|
|
The exact behavior of a domain when it shuts down is set by the
|
|
I<on_shutdown> parameter in the domain's XML definition.
|
|
|
|
If I<domain-id> is transient, then the metadata of any snapshots will
|
|
be lost once the guest stops running, but the snapshot contents still
|
|
exist, and a new domain with the same name and UUID can restore the
|
|
snapshot metadata with B<snapshot-create>.
|
|
|
|
=item B<start> I<domain-name> [I<--console>] [I<--paused>] [I<--autodestroy>]
|
|
[I<--bypass-cache>] [I<--force-boot>]
|
|
|
|
Start a (previously defined) inactive domain, either from the last
|
|
B<managedsave> state, or via a fresh boot if no managedsave state is
|
|
present. The domain will be paused if the I<--paused> option is
|
|
used and supported by the driver; otherwise it will be running.
|
|
If I<--console> is requested, attach to the console after creation.
|
|
If I<--autodestroy> is requested, then the guest will be automatically
|
|
destroyed when virsh closes its connection to libvirt, or otherwise
|
|
exits. If I<--bypass-cache> is specified, and managedsave state exists,
|
|
the restore will avoid the file system cache, although this may slow
|
|
down the operation. If I<--force-boot> is specified, then any
|
|
managedsave state is discarded and a fresh boot occurs.
|
|
|
|
=item B<suspend> I<domain-id>
|
|
|
|
Suspend a running domain. It is kept in memory but won't be scheduled
|
|
anymore.
|
|
|
|
=item B<resume> I<domain-id>
|
|
|
|
Moves a domain out of the suspended state. This will allow a previously
|
|
suspended domain to now be eligible for scheduling by the underlying
|
|
hypervisor.
|
|
|
|
=item B<ttyconsole> I<domain-id>
|
|
|
|
Output the device used for the TTY console of the domain. If the information
|
|
is not available the processes will provide an exit code of 1.
|
|
|
|
=item B<undefine> I<domain-id> [I<--managed-save>] [I<--snapshots-metadata>]
|
|
|
|
Undefine a domain. If the domain is running, this converts it to a
|
|
transient domain, without stopping it. If the domain is inactive,
|
|
the domain configuration is removed.
|
|
|
|
The I<--managed-save> flag guarantees that any managed save image (see
|
|
the B<managedsave> command) is also cleaned up. Without the flag, attempts
|
|
to undefine a domain with a managed save image will fail.
|
|
|
|
The I<--snapshots-metadata> flag guarantees that any snapshots (see the
|
|
B<snapshot-list> command) are also cleaned up when undefining an inactive
|
|
domain. Without the flag, attempts to undefine an inactive domain with
|
|
snapshot metadata will fail. If the domain is active, this flag is
|
|
ignored.
|
|
|
|
NOTE: For an inactive domain, the domain name or UUID must be used as the
|
|
I<domain-id>.
|
|
|
|
=item B<vcpucount> I<domain-id> [{I<--maximum> | I<--active>}
|
|
{I<--config> | I<--live> | I<--current>}]
|
|
|
|
Print information about the virtual cpu counts of the given
|
|
I<domain-id>. If no flags are specified, all possible counts are
|
|
listed in a table; otherwise, the output is limited to just the
|
|
numeric value requested. For historical reasons, the table
|
|
lists the label "current" on the rows that can be queried in isolation
|
|
via the I<--active> flag, rather than relating to the I<--current> flag.
|
|
|
|
I<--maximum> requests information on the maximum cap of vcpus that a
|
|
domain can add via B<setvcpus>, while I<--active> shows the current
|
|
usage; these two flags cannot both be specified. I<--config>
|
|
requires a persistent domain and requests information regarding the next
|
|
time the domain will be booted, I<--live> requires a running domain and
|
|
lists current values, and I<--current> queries according to the current
|
|
state of the domain (corresponding to I<--live> if running, or
|
|
I<--config> if inactive); these three flags are mutually exclusive.
|
|
Thus, this command always takes exactly zero or two flags.
|
|
|
|
=item B<vcpuinfo> I<domain-id>
|
|
|
|
Returns basic information about the domain virtual CPUs, like the number of
|
|
vCPUs, the running time, the affinity to physical processors.
|
|
|
|
=item B<vcpupin> I<domain-id> [I<vcpu>] [I<cpulist>] [[I<--live>]
|
|
[I<--config>] | [I<--current>]]
|
|
|
|
Query or change the pinning of domain VCPUs to host physical CPUs. To
|
|
pin a single I<vcpu>, specify I<cpulist>; otherwise, you can query one
|
|
I<vcpu> or omit I<vcpu> to list all at once.
|
|
|
|
I<cpulist> is a list of physical CPU numbers. Its syntax is a comma
|
|
separated list and a special markup using '-' and '^' (ex. '0-4', '0-3,^2') can
|
|
also be allowed. The '-' denotes the range and the '^' denotes exclusive.
|
|
If you want to reset vcpupin setting, that is, to pin vcpu all physical cpus,
|
|
simply specify 'r' as a cpulist.
|
|
If I<--live> is specified, affect a running guest.
|
|
If I<--config> is specified, affect the next boot of a persistent guest.
|
|
If I<--current> is specified, affect the current guest state.
|
|
Both I<--live> and I<--config> flags may be given if I<cpulist> is present,
|
|
but I<--current> is exclusive.
|
|
If no flag is specified, behavior is different depending on hypervisor.
|
|
|
|
B<Note>: The expression is sequentially evaluated, so "0-15,^8" is
|
|
identical to "9-14,0-7,15" but not identical to "^8,0-15".
|
|
|
|
=item B<vncdisplay> I<domain-id>
|
|
|
|
Output the IP address and port number for the VNC display. If the information
|
|
is not available the processes will provide an exit code of 1.
|
|
|
|
=back
|
|
|
|
=head1 DEVICE COMMANDS
|
|
|
|
The following commands manipulate devices associated to domains.
|
|
The domain-id can be specified as a short integer, a name or a full UUID.
|
|
To better understand the values allowed as options for the command
|
|
reading the documentation at L<http://libvirt.org/formatdomain.html> on the
|
|
format of the device sections to get the most accurate set of accepted values.
|
|
|
|
=over 4
|
|
|
|
=item B<attach-device> I<domain-id> I<FILE>
|
|
|
|
Attach a device to the domain, using a device definition in an XML file.
|
|
See the documentation to learn about libvirt XML format for a device.
|
|
For cdrom and floppy devices, this command only replaces the media within
|
|
the single existing device; consider using B<update-device> for this usage.
|
|
For passthrough host devices, see also B<nodedev-dettach>, needed if
|
|
the device does not use managed mode.
|
|
|
|
=item B<attach-disk> I<domain-id> I<source> I<target>
|
|
[I<--driver driver>] [I<--subdriver subdriver>] [I<--cache cache>]
|
|
[I<--type type>] [I<--mode mode>] [I<--persistent>] [I<--sourcetype soucetype>]
|
|
[I<--serial serial>] [I<--shareable>] [I<--address address>]
|
|
|
|
Attach a new disk device to the domain.
|
|
I<source> and I<target> are paths for the files and devices.
|
|
I<driver> can be I<file>, I<tap> or I<phy> for the Xen hypervisor depending on
|
|
the kind of access; or I<qemu> for the QEMU emulator.
|
|
I<type> can indicate I<cdrom> or I<floppy> as alternative to the disk default,
|
|
although this use only replaces the media within the existing virtual cdrom or
|
|
floppy device; consider using B<update-device> for this usage instead.
|
|
I<mode> can specify the two specific mode I<readonly> or I<shareable>.
|
|
I<persistent> indicates the changes will affect the next boot of the domain.
|
|
I<sourcetype> can indicate the type of source (block|file)
|
|
I<cache> can be one of "default", "none", "writethrough", "writeback",
|
|
"directsync" or "unsafe".
|
|
I<serial> is the serial of disk device. I<shareable> indicates the disk device
|
|
is shareable between domains.
|
|
I<address> is the address of disk device in the form of pci:domain.bus.slot.function,
|
|
scsi:controller.bus.unit or ide:controller.bus.unit.
|
|
|
|
=item B<attach-interface> I<domain-id> I<type> I<source>
|
|
[I<--target target>] [I<--mac mac>] [I<--script script>] [I<--model model>]
|
|
[I<--persistent>] [I<--inbound average,peak,burst>] [I<--outbound average,peak,burst>]
|
|
|
|
Attach a new network interface to the domain.
|
|
I<type> can be either I<network> to indicate a physical network device or I<bridge> to indicate a bridge to a device.
|
|
I<source> indicates the source device.
|
|
I<target> allows to indicate the target device in the guest.
|
|
I<mac> allows to specify the MAC address of the network interface.
|
|
I<script> allows to specify a path to a script handling a bridge instead of
|
|
the default one.
|
|
I<model> allows to specify the model type.
|
|
I<persistent> indicates the changes will affect the next boot of the domain.
|
|
I<inbound> and I<outbound> control the bandwidth of the interface. I<peak>
|
|
and I<burst> are optional, so "average,peak", "average,,burst" and
|
|
"average" are also legal.
|
|
|
|
B<Note>: the optional target value is the name of a device to be created
|
|
as the back-end on the node. If not provided a device named "vnetN" or "vifN"
|
|
will be created automatically.
|
|
|
|
=item B<detach-device> I<domain-id> I<FILE>
|
|
|
|
Detach a device from the domain, takes the same kind of XML descriptions
|
|
as command B<attach-device>.
|
|
For passthrough host devices, see also B<nodedev-reattach>, needed if
|
|
the device does not use managed mode.
|
|
|
|
=item B<detach-disk> I<domain-id> I<target>
|
|
|
|
Detach a disk device from a domain. The I<target> is the device as seen
|
|
from the domain.
|
|
|
|
=item B<detach-interface> I<domain-id> I<type> [I<--mac mac>]
|
|
|
|
Detach a network interface from a domain.
|
|
I<type> can be either I<network> to indicate a physical network device or I<bridge> to indicate a bridge to a device.
|
|
It is recommended to use the I<mac> option to distinguish between the interfaces
|
|
if more than one are present on the domain.
|
|
|
|
=item B<update-device> I<domain-id> I<file> [I<--persistent>] [I<--force>]
|
|
|
|
Update the characteristics of a device associated with I<domain-id>, based on
|
|
the device definition in an XML I<file>. If the I<--persistent> option is
|
|
used, the changes will affect the next boot of the domain. The I<--force>
|
|
option can be used to force device update, e.g., to eject a CD-ROM even if it
|
|
is locked/mounted in the domain. See the documentation to learn about libvirt
|
|
XML format for a device.
|
|
|
|
=back
|
|
|
|
=head1 NODEDEV COMMANDS
|
|
|
|
The following commands manipulate host devices that are intended to be
|
|
passed through to guest domains via <hostdev> elements in a domain's
|
|
<devices> section. A node device key is generally specified by the bus
|
|
name followed by its address, using underscores between all components,
|
|
such as pci_0000_00_02_1, usb_1_5_3, or net_eth1_00_27_13_6a_fe_00.
|
|
The B<nodedev-list> gives the full list of host devices that are known
|
|
to libvirt, although this includes devices that cannot be assigned to
|
|
a guest (for example, attempting to detach the PCI device that controls
|
|
the host's hard disk controller where the guest's disk images live could
|
|
cause the host system to lock up or reboot).
|
|
|
|
For more information on node device definition see:
|
|
L<http://libvirt.org/formatnode.html>.
|
|
|
|
Passthrough devices cannot be simultaneously used by the host and its
|
|
guest domains, nor by multiple active guests at once. If the
|
|
<hostdev> description includes the attribute B<managed='yes'>, and the
|
|
hypervisor driver supports it, then the device is in managed mode, and
|
|
attempts to use that passthrough device in an active guest will
|
|
automatically behave as if B<nodedev-dettach> (guest start, device
|
|
hot-plug) and B<nodedev-reattach> (guest stop, device hot-unplug) were
|
|
called at the right points (currently, qemu does this for PCI devices,
|
|
but not USB). If a device is not marked as managed, then it must
|
|
manually be detached before guests can use it, and manually reattached
|
|
to be returned to the host. Also, if a device is manually detached,
|
|
then the host does not regain control of the device without a matching
|
|
reattach, even if the guests use the device in managed mode.
|
|
|
|
=over 4
|
|
|
|
=item B<nodedev-create> I<FILE>
|
|
|
|
Create a device on the host node that can then be assigned to virtual
|
|
machines. Normally, libvirt is able to automatically determine which
|
|
host nodes are available for use, but this allows registration of
|
|
host hardware that libvirt did not automatically detect. I<file>
|
|
contains xml for a top-level <device> description of a node device.
|
|
|
|
=item B<nodedev-destroy> I<nodedev>
|
|
|
|
Destroy (stop) a device on the host. Note that this makes libvirt
|
|
quit managing a host device, and may even make that device unusable
|
|
by the rest of the physical host until a reboot.
|
|
|
|
=item B<nodedev-dettach> I<nodedev>
|
|
|
|
Detach I<nodedev> from the host, so that it can safely be used by
|
|
guests via <hostdev> passthrough. This is reversed with
|
|
B<nodedev-reattach>, and is done automatically for managed devices.
|
|
|
|
=item B<nodedev-dumpxml> I<nodedev>
|
|
|
|
Dump a <device> XML representation for the given node device, including
|
|
such information as the device name, which bus owns the device, the
|
|
vendor and product id, and any capabilities of the device usable by
|
|
libvirt (such as whether device reset is supported).
|
|
|
|
=item B<nodedev-list> I<cap> I<--tree>
|
|
|
|
List all of the devices available on the node that are known by libvirt.
|
|
If I<cap> is used, the list is filtered to show only the nodes that
|
|
include the given capability. If I<--tree> is used, the output is
|
|
formatted in a tree representing parents of each node.
|
|
|
|
=item B<nodedev-reattach> I<nodedev>
|
|
|
|
Declare that I<nodedev> is no longer in use by any guests, and that
|
|
the host can resume normal use of the device. This is done
|
|
automatically for devices in managed mode, but must be done explicitly
|
|
to match any explicit B<nodedev-dettach>.
|
|
|
|
=item B<nodedev-reset> I<nodedev>
|
|
|
|
Trigger a device reset for I<nodedev>, useful prior to transferring
|
|
a node device between guest passthrough or the host. Libvirt will
|
|
often do this action implicitly when required, but this command
|
|
allows an explicit reset when needed.
|
|
|
|
=back
|
|
|
|
=head1 VIRTUAL NETWORK COMMANDS
|
|
|
|
The following commands manipulate networks. Libvirt has the capability to
|
|
define virtual networks which can then be used by domains and linked to
|
|
actual network devices. For more detailed information about this feature
|
|
see the documentation at L<http://libvirt.org/formatnetwork.html> . Many
|
|
of the commands for virtual networks are similar to the ones used for domains,
|
|
but the way to name a virtual network is either by its name or UUID.
|
|
|
|
=over 4
|
|
|
|
=item B<net-autostart> I<network> [I<--disable>]
|
|
|
|
Configure a virtual network to be automatically started at boot.
|
|
The I<--disable> option disable autostarting.
|
|
|
|
=item B<net-create> I<file>
|
|
|
|
Create a virtual network from an XML I<file>, see the documentation to get
|
|
a description of the XML network format used by libvirt.
|
|
|
|
=item B<net-define> I<file>
|
|
|
|
Define a virtual network from an XML I<file>, the network is just defined but
|
|
not instantiated.
|
|
|
|
=item B<net-destroy> I<network>
|
|
|
|
Destroy (stop) a given virtual network specified by its name or UUID. This
|
|
takes effect immediately.
|
|
|
|
=item B<net-dumpxml> I<network>
|
|
|
|
Output the virtual network information as an XML dump to stdout.
|
|
|
|
=item B<net-edit> I<network>
|
|
|
|
Edit the XML configuration file for a network.
|
|
|
|
This is equivalent to:
|
|
|
|
virsh net-dumpxml network > network.xml
|
|
vi network.xml (or make changes with your other text editor)
|
|
virsh net-define network.xml
|
|
|
|
except that it does some error checking.
|
|
|
|
The editor used can be supplied by the C<$VISUAL> or C<$EDITOR> environment
|
|
variables, and defaults to C<vi>.
|
|
|
|
=item B<net-info> I<network>
|
|
|
|
Returns basic information about the I<network> object.
|
|
|
|
=item B<net-list> [I<--inactive> | I<--all>]
|
|
|
|
Returns the list of active networks, if I<--all> is specified this will also
|
|
include defined but inactive networks, if I<--inactive> is specified only the
|
|
inactive ones will be listed.
|
|
|
|
=item B<net-name> I<network-UUID>
|
|
|
|
Convert a network UUID to network name.
|
|
|
|
=item B<net-start> I<network>
|
|
|
|
Start a (previously defined) inactive network.
|
|
|
|
=item B<net-undefine> I<network>
|
|
|
|
Undefine the configuration for an inactive network.
|
|
|
|
=item B<net-uuid> I<network-name>
|
|
|
|
Convert a network name to network UUID.
|
|
|
|
=back
|
|
|
|
=head1 INTERFACE COMMANDS
|
|
|
|
The following commands manipulate host interfaces. Often, these host
|
|
interfaces can then be used by name within domain <interface> elements
|
|
(such as a system-created bridge interface), but there is no
|
|
requirement that host interfaces be tied to any particular guest
|
|
configuration XML at all.
|
|
|
|
Many of the commands for host interfaces are similar to the ones used
|
|
for domains, and the way to name an interface is either by its name or
|
|
its MAC address. However, using a MAC address for an I<iface>
|
|
argument only works when that address is unique (if an interface and a
|
|
bridge share the same MAC address, which is often the case, then using
|
|
that MAC address results in an error due to ambiguity, and you must
|
|
resort to a name instead).
|
|
|
|
=over 4
|
|
|
|
=item B<iface-bridge> I<interface> I<bridge> [I<--no-stp>] [I<delay>]
|
|
[I<--no-start>]
|
|
|
|
Create a bridge device named I<bridge>, and attach the existing
|
|
network device I<interface> to the new bridge. The new bridge
|
|
defaults to starting immediately, with STP enabled and a delay of 0;
|
|
these settings can be altered with I<--no-stp>, I<--no-start>, and an
|
|
integer number of seconds for I<delay>. All IP address configuration
|
|
of I<interface> will be moved to the new bridge device.
|
|
|
|
See also B<iface-unbridge> for undoing this operation.
|
|
|
|
=item B<iface-define> I<file>
|
|
|
|
Define a host interface from an XML I<file>, the interface is just defined but
|
|
not started.
|
|
|
|
=item B<iface-destroy> I<interface>
|
|
|
|
Destroy (stop) a given host interface, such as by running "if-down" to
|
|
disable that interface from active use. This takes effect immediately.
|
|
|
|
=item B<iface-dumpxml> I<interface> [I<--inactive>]
|
|
|
|
Output the host interface information as an XML dump to stdout. If
|
|
I<--inactive> is specified, then the output reflects the persistent
|
|
state of the interface that will be used the next time it is started.
|
|
|
|
=item B<iface-edit> I<interface>
|
|
|
|
Edit the XML configuration file for a host interface.
|
|
|
|
This is equivalent to:
|
|
|
|
virsh iface-dumpxml iface > iface.xml
|
|
vi iface.xml (or make changes with your other text editor)
|
|
virsh iface-define iface.xml
|
|
|
|
except that it does some error checking.
|
|
|
|
The editor used can be supplied by the C<$VISUAL> or C<$EDITOR> environment
|
|
variables, and defaults to C<vi>.
|
|
|
|
=item B<iface-list> [I<--inactive> | I<--all>]
|
|
|
|
Returns the list of active host interfaces. If I<--all> is specified
|
|
this will also include defined but inactive interfaces. If
|
|
I<--inactive> is specified only the inactive ones will be listed.
|
|
|
|
=item B<iface-name> I<interface>
|
|
|
|
Convert a host interface MAC to interface name, if the MAC address is unique
|
|
among the host's interfaces.
|
|
|
|
I<interface> specifies the interface MAC address.
|
|
|
|
=item B<iface-mac> I<interface>
|
|
|
|
Convert a host interface name to MAC address.
|
|
|
|
I<interface> specifies the interface name.
|
|
|
|
=item B<iface-start> I<interface>
|
|
|
|
Start a (previously defined) host interface, such as by running "if-up".
|
|
|
|
=item B<iface-unbridge> I<bridge> [I<--no-start>]
|
|
|
|
Tear down a bridge device named I<bridge>, releasing its underlying
|
|
interface back to normal usage, and moving all IP address
|
|
configuration from the bridge device to the underlying device. The
|
|
underlying interface is restarted unless I<--no-start> is present;
|
|
this flag is present for symmetry, but generally not recommended.
|
|
|
|
See also B<iface-bridge> for creating a bridge.
|
|
|
|
=item B<iface-undefine> I<interface>
|
|
|
|
Undefine the configuration for an inactive host interface.
|
|
|
|
=item B<iface-begin>
|
|
|
|
Create a snapshot of current host interface settings, which can later
|
|
be committed (I<iface-commit>) or restored (I<iface-rollback>). If a
|
|
snapshot already exists, then this command will fail until the
|
|
previous snapshot has been committed or restored. Undefined behavior
|
|
results if any external changes are made to host interfaces outside of
|
|
the libvirt API between the beginning of a snapshot and its eventual
|
|
commit or rollback.
|
|
|
|
=item B<iface-commit>
|
|
|
|
Declare all changes since the last I<iface-begin> as working, and
|
|
delete the rollback point. If no interface snapshot has already been
|
|
started, then this command will fail.
|
|
|
|
=item B<iface-rollback>
|
|
|
|
Revert all host interface settings back to the state recorded in the
|
|
last I<iface-begin>. If no interface snapshot has already been
|
|
started, then this command will fail. Rebooting the host also serves
|
|
as an implicit rollback point.
|
|
|
|
=back
|
|
|
|
=head1 STORAGE POOL COMMANDS
|
|
|
|
The following commands manipulate storage pools. Libvirt has the
|
|
capability to manage various storage solutions, including files, raw
|
|
partitions, and domain-specific formats, used to provide the storage
|
|
volumes visible as devices within virtual machines. For more detailed
|
|
information about this feature, see the documentation at
|
|
L<http://libvirt.org/formatstorage.html> . Many of the commands for
|
|
pools are similar to the ones used for domains.
|
|
|
|
=over 4
|
|
|
|
=item B<find-storage-pool-sources> I<type> [I<srcSpec>]
|
|
|
|
Returns XML describing all storage pools of a given I<type> that could
|
|
be found. If I<srcSpec> is provided, it is a file that contains XML
|
|
to further restrict the query for pools.
|
|
|
|
=item B<find-storage-pool-sources-as> I<type> [I<host>] [I<port>]
|
|
[I<initiator>]
|
|
|
|
Returns XML describing all storage pools of a given I<type> that could
|
|
be found. If I<host>, I<port>, or I<initiator> are provided, they control
|
|
where the query is performed.
|
|
|
|
=item B<pool-autostart> I<pool-or-uuid> [I<--disable>]
|
|
|
|
Configure whether I<pool> should automatically start at boot.
|
|
|
|
=item B<pool-build> I<pool-or-uuid> [I<--overwrite>] [I<--no-overwrite>]
|
|
|
|
Build a given pool.
|
|
|
|
Options I<--overwrite> and I<--no-overwrite> can only be used for
|
|
B<pool-build> a filesystem pool. If neither of them is specified,
|
|
B<pool-build> on a filesystem pool only makes the directory; If
|
|
I<--no-overwrite> is specified, it probes to determine if a
|
|
filesystem already exists on the target device, returning an error
|
|
if exists, or using mkfs to format the target device if not; If
|
|
I<--overwrite> is specified, mkfs is always executed, any existed
|
|
data on the target device is overwritten unconditionally.
|
|
|
|
=item B<pool-create> I<file>
|
|
|
|
Create and start a pool object from the XML I<file>.
|
|
|
|
=item B<pool-create-as> I<name> I<--print-xml> I<type> [I<source-host>]
|
|
[I<source-path>] [I<source-dev>] [I<source-name>] [<target>]
|
|
[I<--source-format format>]
|
|
|
|
Create and start a pool object I<name> from the raw parameters. If
|
|
I<--print-xml> is specified, then print the XML of the pool object
|
|
without creating the pool. Otherwise, the pool has the specified
|
|
I<type>.
|
|
|
|
=item B<pool-define> I<file>
|
|
|
|
Create, but do not start, a pool object from the XML I<file>.
|
|
|
|
=item B<pool-define-as> I<name> I<--print-xml> I<type> [I<source-host>]
|
|
[I<source-path>] [I<source-dev>] [I<source-name>] [<target>]
|
|
[I<--source-format format>]
|
|
|
|
Create, but do not start, a pool object I<name> from the raw parameters. If
|
|
I<--print-xml> is specified, then print the XML of the pool object
|
|
without defining the pool. Otherwise, the pool has the specified
|
|
I<type>.
|
|
|
|
=item B<pool-destroy> I<pool-or-uuid>
|
|
|
|
Destroy (stop) a given I<pool> object. Libvirt will no longer manage the
|
|
storage described by the pool object, but the raw data contained in
|
|
the pool is not changed, and can be later recovered with
|
|
B<pool-create>.
|
|
|
|
=item B<pool-delete> I<pool-or-uuid>
|
|
|
|
Destroy the resources used by a given I<pool> object. This operation
|
|
is non-recoverable. The I<pool> object will still exist after this
|
|
command, ready for the creation of new storage volumes.
|
|
|
|
=item B<pool-dumpxml> I<pool-or-uuid>
|
|
|
|
Returns the XML information about the I<pool> object.
|
|
|
|
=item B<pool-edit> I<pool-or-uuid>
|
|
|
|
Edit the XML configuration file for a storage pool.
|
|
|
|
This is equivalent to:
|
|
|
|
virsh pool-dumpxml pool > pool.xml
|
|
vi pool.xml (or make changes with your other text editor)
|
|
virsh pool-define pool.xml
|
|
|
|
except that it does some error checking.
|
|
|
|
The editor used can be supplied by the C<$VISUAL> or C<$EDITOR> environment
|
|
variables, and defaults to C<vi>.
|
|
|
|
=item B<pool-info> I<pool-or-uuid>
|
|
|
|
Returns basic information about the I<pool> object.
|
|
|
|
=item B<pool-list> [I<--inactive> | I<--all>] [I<--details>]
|
|
|
|
List pool objects known to libvirt. By default, only pools in use by
|
|
active domains are listed; I<--inactive> lists just the inactive
|
|
pools, and I<--all> lists all pools. The I<--details> option instructs
|
|
virsh to additionally display pool persistence and capacity related
|
|
information where available.
|
|
|
|
=item B<pool-name> I<uuid>
|
|
|
|
Convert the I<uuid> to a pool name.
|
|
|
|
=item B<pool-refresh> I<pool-or-uuid>
|
|
|
|
Refresh the list of volumes contained in I<pool>.
|
|
|
|
=item B<pool-start> I<pool-or-uuid>
|
|
|
|
Start the storage I<pool>, which is previously defined but inactive.
|
|
|
|
=item B<pool-undefine> I<pool-or-uuid>
|
|
|
|
Undefine the configuration for an inactive I<pool>.
|
|
|
|
=item B<pool-uuid> I<pool>
|
|
|
|
Returns the UUID of the named I<pool>.
|
|
|
|
=back
|
|
|
|
=head1 VOLUME COMMANDS
|
|
|
|
=over 4
|
|
|
|
=item B<vol-create> I<pool-or-uuid> I<FILE>
|
|
|
|
Create a volume from an XML <file>.
|
|
I<pool-or-uuid> is the name or UUID of the storage pool to create the volume in.
|
|
I<FILE> is the XML <file> with the volume definition. An easy way to create the
|
|
XML <file> is to use the B<vol-dumpxml> command to obtain the definition of a
|
|
pre-existing volume.
|
|
|
|
B<Example>
|
|
|
|
virsh vol-dumpxml --pool storagepool1 appvolume1 > newvolume.xml
|
|
vi newvolume.xml (or make changes with your other text editor)
|
|
virsh vol-create differentstoragepool newvolume.xml
|
|
|
|
=item B<vol-create-from> I<pool-or-uuid> I<FILE> [I<--inputpool>
|
|
I<pool-or-uuid>] I<vol-name-or-key-or-path>
|
|
|
|
Create a volume, using another volume as input.
|
|
I<pool-or-uuid> is the name or UUID of the storage pool to create the volume in.
|
|
I<FILE> is the XML <file> with the volume definition.
|
|
I<--inputpool> I<pool-or-uuid> is the name or uuid of the storage pool the
|
|
source volume is in.
|
|
I<vol-name-or-key-or-path> is the name or key or path of the source volume.
|
|
|
|
=item B<vol-create-as> I<pool-or-uuid> I<name> I<capacity>
|
|
[I<--allocation> I<size>] [I<--format> I<string>] [I<--backing-vol>
|
|
I<vol-name-or-key-or-path>] [I<--backing-vol-format> I<string>]
|
|
|
|
Create a volume from a set of arguments.
|
|
I<pool-or-uuid> is the name or UUID of the storage pool to create the volume
|
|
in.
|
|
I<name> is the name of the new volume.
|
|
I<capacity> is the size of the volume to be created, with optional k, M, G, or
|
|
T suffix.
|
|
I<--allocation> I<size> is the initial size to be allocated in the volume, with
|
|
optional k, M, G, or T suffix.
|
|
I<--format> I<string> is used in file based storage pools to specify the volume
|
|
file format to use; raw, bochs, qcow, qcow2, vmdk.
|
|
I<--backing-vol> I<vol-name-or-key-or-path> is the source backing
|
|
volume to be used if taking a snapshot of an existing volume.
|
|
I<--backing-vol-format> I<string> is the format of the snapshot backing volume;
|
|
raw, bochs, qcow, qcow2, vmdk, host_device.
|
|
|
|
=item B<vol-clone> [I<--pool> I<pool-or-uuid>] I<vol-name-or-key-or-path>
|
|
I<name>
|
|
|
|
Clone an existing volume. Less powerful, but easier to type, version of
|
|
B<vol-create-from>.
|
|
I<--pool> I<pool-or-uuid> is the name or UUID of the storage pool to create
|
|
the volume in.
|
|
I<vol-name-or-key-or-path> is the name or key or path of the source volume.
|
|
I<name> is the name of the new volume.
|
|
|
|
=item B<vol-delete> [I<--pool> I<pool-or-uuid>] I<vol-name-or-key-or-path>
|
|
|
|
Delete a given volume.
|
|
I<--pool> I<pool-or-uuid> is the name or UUID of the storage pool the volume
|
|
is in.
|
|
I<vol-name-or-key-or-path> is the name or key or path of the volume to delete.
|
|
|
|
=item B<vol-upload> [I<--pool> I<pool-or-uuid>] [I<--offset> I<bytes>]
|
|
[I<--length> I<bytes>] I<vol-name-or-key-or-path> I<local-file>
|
|
|
|
Upload the contents of I<local-file> to a storage volume.
|
|
I<--pool> I<pool-or-uuid> is the name or UUID of the storage pool the volume
|
|
is in.
|
|
I<vol-name-or-key-or-path> is the name or key or path of the volume to wipe.
|
|
I<--offset> is the position in the storage volume at which to start writing
|
|
the data. I<--length> is an upper bound of the amount of data to be uploaded.
|
|
An error will occurr if the I<local-file> is greater than the specified length.
|
|
|
|
=item B<vol-download> [I<--pool> I<pool-or-uuid>] [I<--offset> I<bytes>]
|
|
[I<--length> I<bytes>] I<vol-name-or-key-or-path> I<local-file>
|
|
|
|
Download the contents of I<local-file> from a storage volume.
|
|
I<--pool> I<pool-or-uuid> is the name or UUID of the storage pool the volume
|
|
is in.
|
|
I<vol-name-or-key-or-path> is the name or key or path of the volume to wipe.
|
|
I<--offset> is the position in the storage volume at which to start reading
|
|
the data. I<--length> is an upper bound of the amount of data to be downloaded.
|
|
|
|
=item B<vol-wipe> [I<--pool> I<pool-or-uuid>] I<vol-name-or-key-or-path>
|
|
|
|
Wipe a volume, ensure data previously on the volume is not accessible to
|
|
future reads. I<--pool> I<pool-or-uuid> is the name or UUID of the storage
|
|
pool the volume is in.
|
|
I<vol-name-or-key-or-path> is the name or key or path of the volume to wipe.
|
|
|
|
=item B<vol-dumpxml> [I<--pool> I<pool-or-uuid>] I<vol-name-or-key-or-path>
|
|
|
|
Output the volume information as an XML dump to stdout.
|
|
I<--pool> I<pool-or-uuid> is the name or UUID of the storage pool the volume
|
|
is in. I<vol-name-or-key-or-path> is the name or key or path of the volume
|
|
to output the XML of.
|
|
|
|
=item B<vol-info> [I<--pool> I<pool-or-uuid>] I<vol-name-or-key-or-path>
|
|
|
|
Returns basic information about the given storage volume.
|
|
I<--pool> I<pool-or-uuid> is the name or UUID of the storage pool the volume
|
|
is in. I<vol-name-or-key-or-path> is the name or key or path of the volume
|
|
to return information for.
|
|
|
|
=item B<vol-list> [I<--pool> I<pool-or-uuid>] [I<--details>]
|
|
|
|
Return the list of volumes in the given storage pool.
|
|
I<--pool> I<pool-or-uuid> is the name or UUID of the storage pool.
|
|
The I<--details> option instructs virsh to additionally display volume
|
|
type and capacity related information where available.
|
|
|
|
=item B<vol-pool> [I<--uuid>] I<vol-key-or-path>
|
|
|
|
Return the pool name or UUID for a given volume. By default, the pool name is
|
|
returned. If the I<--uuid> option is given, the pool UUID is returned instead.
|
|
I<vol-key-or-path> is the key or path of the volume to return the pool
|
|
information for.
|
|
|
|
=item B<vol-path> [I<--pool> I<pool-or-uuid>] I<vol-name-or-key>
|
|
|
|
Return the path for a given volume.
|
|
I<--pool> I<pool-or-uuid> is the name or UUID of the storage pool the volume
|
|
is in.
|
|
I<vol-name-or-key> is the name or key of the volume to return the path for.
|
|
|
|
=item B<vol-name> I<vol-key-or-path>
|
|
|
|
Return the name for a given volume.
|
|
I<vol-key-or-path> is the key or path of the volume to return the name for.
|
|
|
|
=item B<vol-key> [I<--pool> I<pool-or-uuid>] I<vol-name-or-path>
|
|
|
|
Return the volume key for a given volume.
|
|
I<--pool> I<pool-or-uuid> is the name or UUID of the storage pool the volume
|
|
is in. I<vol-name-or-path> is the name or path of the volume to return the
|
|
volume key for.
|
|
|
|
=back
|
|
|
|
=head1 SECRET COMMMANDS
|
|
|
|
The following commands manipulate "secrets" (e.g. passwords, passphrases and
|
|
encryption keys). Libvirt can store secrets independently from their use, and
|
|
other objects (e.g. volumes or domains) can refer to the secrets for encryption
|
|
or possibly other uses. Secrets are identified using an UUID. See
|
|
L<http://libvirt.org/formatsecret.html> for documentation of the XML format
|
|
used to represent properties of secrets.
|
|
|
|
=over 4
|
|
|
|
=item B<secret-define> I<file>
|
|
|
|
Create a secret with the properties specified in I<file>, with no associated
|
|
secret value. If I<file> does not specify a UUID, choose one automatically.
|
|
If I<file> specifies an UUID of an existing secret, replace its properties by
|
|
properties defined in I<file>, without affecting the secret value.
|
|
|
|
=item B<secret-dumpxml> I<secret>
|
|
|
|
Output properties of I<secret> (specified by its UUID) as an XML dump to stdout.
|
|
|
|
=item B<secret-set-value> I<secret> I<base64>
|
|
|
|
Set the value associated with I<secret> (specified by its UUID) to the value
|
|
Base64-encoded value I<base64>.
|
|
|
|
=item B<secret-get-value> I<secret>
|
|
|
|
Output the value associated with I<secret> (specified by its UUID) to stdout,
|
|
encoded using Base64.
|
|
|
|
=item B<secret-undefine> I<secret>
|
|
|
|
Delete a I<secret> (specified by its UUID), including the associated value, if
|
|
any.
|
|
|
|
=item B<secret-list>
|
|
|
|
Output a list of UUIDs of known secrets to stdout.
|
|
|
|
=back
|
|
|
|
=head1 SNAPSHOT COMMMANDS
|
|
|
|
The following commands manipulate domain snapshots. Snapshots take the
|
|
disk, memory, and device state of a domain at a point-of-time, and save it
|
|
for future use. They have many uses, from saving a "clean" copy of an OS
|
|
image to saving a domain's state before a potentially destructive operation.
|
|
Snapshots are identified with a unique name. See
|
|
L<http://libvirt.org/formatsnapshot.html> for documentation of the XML format
|
|
used to represent properties of snapshots.
|
|
|
|
=over 4
|
|
|
|
=item B<snapshot-create> I<domain> [I<xmlfile>] {[I<--redefine> [I<--current>]]
|
|
| [I<--no-metadata>] [I<--halt>] [I<--disk-only>]}
|
|
|
|
Create a snapshot for domain I<domain> with the properties specified in
|
|
I<xmlfile>. Normally, the only properties settable for a domain snapshot
|
|
are the <name> and <description> elements, as well as <disks> if
|
|
I<--disk-only> is given; the rest of the fields are
|
|
ignored, and automatically filled in by libvirt. If I<xmlfile> is
|
|
completely omitted, then libvirt will choose a value for all fields.
|
|
The new snapshot will become current, as listed by B<snapshot-current>.
|
|
|
|
If I<--halt> is specified, the domain will be left in an inactive state
|
|
after the snapshot is created.
|
|
|
|
If I<--disk-only> is specified, the snapshot will only include disk
|
|
state rather than the usual system checkpoint with vm state. Disk
|
|
snapshots are faster than full system checkpoints, but reverting to a
|
|
disk snapshot may require fsck or journal replays, since it is like
|
|
the disk state at the point when the power cord is abruptly pulled;
|
|
and mixing I<--halt> and I<--disk-only> loses any data that was not
|
|
flushed to disk at the time.
|
|
|
|
If I<--redefine> is specified, then all XML elements produced by
|
|
B<snapshot-dumpxml> are valid; this can be used to migrate snapshot
|
|
hierarchy from one machine to another, to recreate hierarchy for the
|
|
case of a transient domain that goes away and is later recreated with
|
|
the same name and UUID, or to make slight alterations in the snapshot
|
|
metadata (such as host-specific aspects of the domain XML embedded in
|
|
the snapshot). When this flag is supplied, the I<xmlfile> argument
|
|
is mandatory, and the domain's current snapshot will not be altered
|
|
unless the I<--current> flag is also given.
|
|
|
|
If I<--no-metadata> is specified, then the snapshot data is created,
|
|
but any metadata is immediately discarded (that is, libvirt does not
|
|
treat the snapshot as current, and cannot revert to the snapshot
|
|
unless I<--redefine> is later used to teach libvirt about the
|
|
metadata again).
|
|
|
|
Existence of snapshot metadata will prevent attempts to B<undefine>
|
|
a persistent domain. However, for transient domains, snapshot
|
|
metadata is silently lost when the domain quits running (whether
|
|
by command such as B<destroy> or by internal guest action).
|
|
|
|
=item B<snapshot-create-as> I<domain> {[I<--print-xml>]
|
|
| [I<--no-metadata>] [I<--halt>]} [I<name>] [I<description>]
|
|
[I<--disk-only> [[I<--diskspec>] B<diskspec>]...
|
|
|
|
Create a snapshot for domain I<domain> with the given <name> and
|
|
<description>; if either value is omitted, libvirt will choose a
|
|
value. If I<--print-xml> is specified, then XML appropriate for
|
|
I<snapshot-create> is output, rather than actually creating a snapshot.
|
|
Otherwise, if I<--halt> is specified, the domain will be left in an
|
|
inactive state after the snapshot is created, and if I<--disk-only>
|
|
is specified, the snapshot will not include vm state.
|
|
|
|
The I<--disk-only> flag is used to request a disk-only snapshot. When
|
|
this flag is in use, the command can also take additional I<diskspec>
|
|
arguments to add <disk> elements to the xml. Each <diskspec> is in the
|
|
form B<disk[,snapshot=type][,driver=type][,file=name]>. To include a
|
|
literal comma in B<disk> or in B<file=name>, escape it with a second
|
|
comma. A literal I<--diskspec> must preceed each B<diskspec> unless
|
|
all three of I<domain>, I<name>, and I<description> are also present.
|
|
For example, a diskspec of "vda,snapshot=external,file=/path/to,,new"
|
|
results in the following XML:
|
|
<disk name='vda' snapshot='external'>
|
|
<source file='/path/to,new'/>
|
|
</disk>
|
|
|
|
If I<--no-metadata> is specified, then the snapshot data is created,
|
|
but any metadata is immediately discarded (that is, libvirt does not
|
|
treat the snapshot as current, and cannot revert to the snapshot
|
|
unless B<snapshot-create> is later used to teach libvirt about the
|
|
metadata again). This flag is incompatible with I<--print-xml>.
|
|
|
|
=item B<snapshot-current> I<domain> {[I<--name>] | [I<--security-info>]
|
|
| [I<snapshotname>]}
|
|
|
|
Without I<snapshotname>, this will output the snapshot XML for the domain's
|
|
current snapshot (if any). If I<--name> is specified, just the
|
|
current snapshot name instead of the full xml. Otherwise, using
|
|
I<--security-info> will also include security sensitive information in
|
|
the XML.
|
|
|
|
With I<snapshotname>, this is a request to make the existing named
|
|
snapshot become the current snapshot, without reverting the domain.
|
|
|
|
=item B<snapshot-edit> I<domain> [I<snapshotname>] [I<--current>]
|
|
{[I<--rename>] | [I<--clone>]}
|
|
|
|
Edit the XML configuration file for I<snapshotname> of a domain. If
|
|
both I<snapshotname> and I<--current> are specified, also force the
|
|
edited snapshot to become the current snapshot. If I<snapshotname>
|
|
is omitted, then I<--current> must be supplied, to edit the current
|
|
snapshot.
|
|
|
|
This is equivalent to:
|
|
|
|
virsh snapshot-dumpxml dom name > snapshot.xml
|
|
vi snapshot.xml (or make changes with your other text editor)
|
|
virsh snapshot-create dom snapshot.xml --redefine [--current]
|
|
|
|
except that it does some error checking.
|
|
|
|
The editor used can be supplied by the C<$VISUAL> or C<$EDITOR> environment
|
|
variables, and defaults to C<vi>.
|
|
|
|
If I<--rename> is specified, then the edits can change the snapshot
|
|
name. If I<--clone> is specified, then changing the snapshot name
|
|
will create a clone of the snapshot metadata. If neither is specified,
|
|
then the edits must not change the snapshot name. Note that changing
|
|
a snapshot name must be done with care, since the contents of some
|
|
snapshots, such as internal snapshots within a single qcow2 file, are
|
|
accessible only from the original name.
|
|
|
|
=item B<snapshot-list> I<domain> [{I<--parent> | I<--roots> | I<--tree>}]
|
|
[{[I<--from>] B<snapshot> | I<--current>} [I<--descendants>]]
|
|
[I<--metadata>] [I<--leaves>]
|
|
|
|
List all of the available snapshots for the given domain, defaulting
|
|
to show columns for the snapshot name, creation time, and domain state.
|
|
|
|
If I<--parent> is specified, add a column to the output table giving
|
|
the name of the parent of each snapshot. If I<--roots> is specified,
|
|
the list will be filtered to just snapshots that have no parents.
|
|
If I<--tree> is specified, the output will be in a tree format, listing
|
|
just snapshot names. These three options are mutually exclusive.
|
|
|
|
If I<--from> is provided, filter the list to snapshots which are
|
|
children of the given B<snapshot>; or if I<--current> is provided,
|
|
start at the current snapshot. When used in isolation or with
|
|
I<--parent>, the list is limited to direct children unless
|
|
I<--descendants> is also present. When used with I<--tree>, the
|
|
use of I<--descendants> is implied. This option is not compatible
|
|
with I<--roots>.
|
|
|
|
If I<--leaves> is specified, the list will be filtered to just
|
|
snapshots that have no children. This option is not compatible
|
|
with I<--tree>.
|
|
|
|
If I<--metadata> is specified, the list will be filtered to just
|
|
snapshots that involve libvirt metadata, and thus would prevent
|
|
B<undefine> of a persistent domain, or be lost on B<destroy> of
|
|
a transient domain.
|
|
|
|
=item B<snapshot-dumpxml> I<domain> I<snapshot> [I<--security-info>]
|
|
|
|
Output the snapshot XML for the domain's snapshot named I<snapshot>.
|
|
Using I<--security-info> will also include security sensitive information.
|
|
Use B<snapshot-current> to easily access the XML of the current snapshot.
|
|
|
|
=item B<snapshot-parent> I<domain> {I<snapshot> | I<--current>}
|
|
|
|
Output the name of the parent snapshot, if any, for the given
|
|
I<snapshot>, or for the current snapshot with I<--current>.
|
|
|
|
=item B<snapshot-revert> I<domain> {I<snapshot> | I<--current>}
|
|
[{I<--running> | I<--paused>}] [I<--force>]
|
|
|
|
Revert the given domain to the snapshot specified by I<snapshot>, or to
|
|
the current snapshot with I<--current>. Be aware
|
|
that this is a destructive action; any changes in the domain since the last
|
|
snapshot was taken will be lost. Also note that the state of the domain after
|
|
snapshot-revert is complete will be the state of the domain at the time
|
|
the original snapshot was taken.
|
|
|
|
Normally, reverting to a snapshot leaves the domain in the state it was
|
|
at the time the snapshot was created, except that a disk snapshot with
|
|
no vm state leaves the domain in an inactive state. Passing either the
|
|
I<--running> or I<--paused> flag will perform additional state changes
|
|
(such as booting an inactive domain, or pausing a running domain). Since
|
|
transient domains cannot be inactive, it is required to use one of these
|
|
flags when reverting to a disk snapshot of a transient domain.
|
|
|
|
There are two cases where a snapshot revert involves extra risk, which
|
|
requires the use of I<--force> to proceed. One is the case of a
|
|
snapshot that lacks full domain information for reverting
|
|
configuration (such as snapshots created prior to libvirt 0.9.5);
|
|
since libvirt cannot prove that the current configuration matches what
|
|
was in use at the time of the snapshot, supplying I<--force> assures
|
|
libvirt that the snapshot is compatible with the current configuration
|
|
(and if it is not, the domain will likely fail to run). The other is
|
|
the case of reverting from a running domain to an active state where a
|
|
new hypervisor has to be created rather than reusing the existing
|
|
hypervisor, because it implies drawbacks such as breaking any existing
|
|
VNC or Spice connections; this condition happens with an active
|
|
snapshot that uses a provably incompatible configuration, as well as
|
|
with an inactive snapshot that is combined with the I<--start> or
|
|
I<--pause> flag.
|
|
|
|
=item B<snapshot-delete> I<domain> {I<snapshot> | I<--current>} [I<--metadata>]
|
|
[{I<--children> | I<--children-only>}]
|
|
|
|
Delete the snapshot for the domain named I<snapshot>, or the current
|
|
snapshot with I<--current>. If this snapshot
|
|
has child snapshots, changes from this snapshot will be merged into the
|
|
children. If I<--children> is passed, then delete this snapshot and any
|
|
children of this snapshot. If I<--children-only> is passed, then delete
|
|
any children of this snapshot, but leave this snapshot intact. These
|
|
two flags are mutually exclusive.
|
|
|
|
If I<--metadata> is specified, then only delete the snapshot metadata
|
|
maintained by libvirt, while leaving the snapshot contents intact for
|
|
access by external tools; otherwise deleting a snapshot also removes
|
|
the data contents from that point in time.
|
|
|
|
=back
|
|
|
|
=head1 NWFILTER COMMMANDS
|
|
|
|
The following commands manipulate network filters. Network filters allow
|
|
filtering of the network traffic coming from and going to virtual machines.
|
|
Individual network traffic filters are written in XML and may contain
|
|
references to other network filters, describe traffic filtering rules,
|
|
or contain both. Network filters are referenced by virtual machines
|
|
from within their interface description. A network filter may be referenced
|
|
by multiple virtual machines' interfaces.
|
|
|
|
=over 4
|
|
|
|
=item B<nwfilter-define> I<xmlfile>
|
|
|
|
Make a new network filter known to libvirt. If a network filter with
|
|
the same name already exists, it will be replaced with the new XML.
|
|
Any running virtual machine referencing this network filter will have
|
|
its network traffic rules adapted. If for any reason the network traffic
|
|
filtering rules cannot be instantiated by any of the running virtual
|
|
machines, then the new XML will be rejected.
|
|
|
|
=item B<nwfilter-undefine> I<nwfilter-name>
|
|
|
|
Delete a network filter. The deletion will fail if any running virtual
|
|
machine is currently using this network filter.
|
|
|
|
=item B<nwfilter-list>
|
|
|
|
List all of the available network filters.
|
|
|
|
=item B<nwfilter-dumpxml> I<nwfilter-name>
|
|
|
|
Output the network filter XML.
|
|
|
|
=item B<nwfilter-edit> I<nwfilter-name>
|
|
|
|
Edit the XML of a network filter.
|
|
|
|
This is equivalent to:
|
|
|
|
virsh nwfilter-dumpxml myfilter > myfilter.xml
|
|
vi myfilter.xml (or make changes with your other text editor)
|
|
virsh nwfilter-define myfilter.xml
|
|
|
|
except that it does some error checking.
|
|
The new network filter may be rejected due to the same reason as
|
|
mentioned in I<nwfilter-define>.
|
|
|
|
The editor used can be supplied by the C<$VISUAL> or C<$EDITOR> environment
|
|
variables, and defaults to C<vi>.
|
|
|
|
=back
|
|
|
|
=head1 QEMU-SPECIFIC COMMANDS
|
|
|
|
NOTE: Use of the following commands is B<strongly> discouraged. They
|
|
can cause libvirt to become confused and do the wrong thing on subsequent
|
|
operations. Once you have used this command, please do not report
|
|
problems to the libvirt developers; the reports will be ignored.
|
|
|
|
=over 4
|
|
|
|
=item B<qemu-attach> I<pid>
|
|
|
|
Attach an externally launched QEMU process to the libvirt QEMU driver.
|
|
The QEMU process must have been created with a monitor connection
|
|
using the UNIX driver. Ideally the process will also have had the
|
|
'-name' argument specified.
|
|
|
|
=over 4
|
|
|
|
$ qemu-kvm -cdrom ~/demo.iso \
|
|
-monitor unix:/tmp/demo,server,nowait \
|
|
-name foo \
|
|
-uuid cece4f9f-dff0-575d-0e8e-01fe380f12ea &
|
|
$ QEMUPID=$!
|
|
$ virsh qemu-attach $QEMUPID
|
|
|
|
=back
|
|
|
|
Not all functions of libvirt are expected to work reliably after
|
|
attaching to an externally launched QEMU process. There may be
|
|
issues with the guest ABI changing upon migration, and hotunplug
|
|
may not work.
|
|
|
|
=item B<qemu-monitor-command> I<domain> [I<--hmp>] I<command>...
|
|
|
|
Send an arbitrary monitor command I<command> to domain I<domain> through the
|
|
qemu monitor. The results of the command will be printed on stdout. If
|
|
I<--hmp> is passed, the command is considered to be a human monitor command
|
|
and libvirt will automatically convert it into QMP if needed. In that case
|
|
the result will also be converted back from QMP. If more than one argument
|
|
is provided for I<command>, they are concatenated with a space in between
|
|
before passing the single command to the monitor.
|
|
|
|
=back
|
|
|
|
=head1 ENVIRONMENT
|
|
|
|
The following environment variables can be set to alter the behaviour
|
|
of C<virsh>
|
|
|
|
=over 4
|
|
|
|
=item VIRSH_DEBUG=<0 to 4>
|
|
|
|
Turn on verbose debugging of virsh commands. Valid levels are
|
|
|
|
=item * VIRSH_DEBUG=0
|
|
|
|
DEBUG - Messages at ALL levels get logged
|
|
|
|
=item * VIRSH_DEBUG=1
|
|
|
|
INFO - Logs messages at levels INFO, NOTICE, WARNING and ERROR
|
|
|
|
=item * VIRSH_DEBUG=2
|
|
|
|
NOTICE - Logs messages at levels NOTICE, WARNING and ERROR
|
|
|
|
=item * VIRSH_DEBUG=3
|
|
|
|
WARNING - Logs messages at levels WARNING and ERROR
|
|
|
|
=item * VIRSH_DEBUG=4
|
|
|
|
ERROR - Messages at only ERROR level gets logged.
|
|
|
|
=item VIRSH_LOG_FILE=C<LOGFILE>
|
|
|
|
The file to log virsh debug messages.
|
|
|
|
=item VIRSH_DEFAULT_CONNECT_URI
|
|
|
|
The hypervisor to connect to by default. Set this to a URI, in the same
|
|
format as accepted by the B<connect> option.
|
|
|
|
=item VISUAL
|
|
|
|
The editor to use by the B<edit> and related options.
|
|
|
|
=item EDITOR
|
|
|
|
The editor to use by the B<edit> and related options, if C<VISUAL>
|
|
is not set.
|
|
|
|
=item LIBVIRT_DEBUG=LEVEL
|
|
|
|
Turn on verbose debugging of all libvirt API calls. Valid levels are
|
|
|
|
=over 4
|
|
|
|
=item * LIBVIRT_DEBUG=1
|
|
|
|
Messages at level DEBUG or above
|
|
|
|
=item * LIBVIRT_DEBUG=2
|
|
|
|
Messages at level INFO or above
|
|
|
|
=item * LIBVIRT_DEBUG=3
|
|
|
|
Messages at level WARNING or above
|
|
|
|
=item * LIBVIRT_DEBUG=4
|
|
|
|
Messages at level ERROR or above
|
|
|
|
=back
|
|
|
|
For further information about debugging options consult C<http://libvirt.org/logging.html>
|
|
|
|
=back
|
|
|
|
=head1 BUGS
|
|
|
|
Report any bugs discovered to the libvirt community via the mailing
|
|
list C<http://libvirt.org/contact.html> or bug tracker C<http://libvirt.org/bugs.html>.
|
|
Alternatively report bugs to your software distributor / vendor.
|
|
|
|
=head1 AUTHORS
|
|
|
|
Please refer to the AUTHORS file distributed with libvirt.
|
|
|
|
Based on the xm man page by:
|
|
Sean Dague <sean at dague dot net>
|
|
Daniel Stekloff <dsteklof at us dot ibm dot com>
|
|
|
|
=head1 COPYRIGHT
|
|
|
|
Copyright (C) 2005, 2007-2010 Red Hat, Inc., and the authors listed in the
|
|
libvirt AUTHORS file.
|
|
|
|
=head1 LICENSE
|
|
|
|
virsh is distributed under the terms of the GNU LGPL v2+.
|
|
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions. There
|
|
is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
|
|
PURPOSE
|
|
|
|
=head1 SEE ALSO
|
|
|
|
L<virt-install(1)>, L<virt-xml-validate(1)>, L<virt-top(1)>, L<virt-df(1)>,
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L<http://www.libvirt.org/>
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=cut
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