mirror of
https://gitlab.com/libvirt/libvirt.git
synced 2024-11-03 11:51:11 +00:00
1879568744
Document that using bhyve:commandline is not fully supported and may cause issues. Signed-off-by: Roman Bogorodskiy <bogorodskiy@gmail.com> Reviewed-by: Daniel P. Berrangé <berrange@redhat.com>
494 lines
17 KiB
XML
494 lines
17 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
|
|
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
|
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
|
|
<body>
|
|
<h1>Bhyve driver</h1>
|
|
|
|
<ul id="toc"></ul>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
Bhyve is a FreeBSD hypervisor. It first appeared in FreeBSD 10.0. However, it's
|
|
recommended to keep tracking FreeBSD 10-STABLE to make sure all new features
|
|
of bhyve are supported.
|
|
|
|
In order to enable bhyve on your FreeBSD host, you'll need to load the <code>vmm</code>
|
|
kernel module. Additionally, <code>if_tap</code> and <code>if_bridge</code> modules
|
|
should be loaded for networking support. Also, <span class="since">since 3.2.0</span> the
|
|
<code>virt-host-validate(1)</code> supports the bhyve host validation and could be
|
|
used like this:
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre>
|
|
$ virt-host-validate bhyve
|
|
BHYVE: Checking for vmm module : PASS
|
|
BHYVE: Checking for if_tap module : PASS
|
|
BHYVE: Checking for if_bridge module : PASS
|
|
BHYVE: Checking for nmdm module : PASS
|
|
$
|
|
</pre>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
Additional information on bhyve could be obtained on <a href="http://bhyve.org/">bhyve.org</a>.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<h2><a id="uri">Connections to the Bhyve driver</a></h2>
|
|
<p>
|
|
The libvirt bhyve driver is a single-instance privileged driver. Some sample
|
|
connection URIs are:
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre>
|
|
bhyve:///system (local access)
|
|
bhyve+unix:///system (local access)
|
|
bhyve+ssh://root@example.com/system (remote access, SSH tunnelled)
|
|
</pre>
|
|
|
|
<h2><a id="exconfig">Example guest domain XML configurations</a></h2>
|
|
|
|
<h3>Example config</h3>
|
|
<p>
|
|
The bhyve driver in libvirt is in its early stage and under active development. So it supports
|
|
only limited number of features bhyve provides.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
Note: in older libvirt versions, only a single network device and a single
|
|
disk device were supported per-domain. However,
|
|
<span class="since">since 1.2.6</span> the libvirt bhyve driver supports
|
|
up to 31 PCI devices.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
Note: the Bhyve driver in libvirt will boot whichever device is first. If you
|
|
want to install from CD, put the CD device first. If not, put the root HDD
|
|
first.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
Note: Only the SATA bus is supported. Only <code>cdrom</code>- and
|
|
<code>disk</code>-type disks are supported.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre>
|
|
<domain type='bhyve'>
|
|
<name>bhyve</name>
|
|
<uuid>df3be7e7-a104-11e3-aeb0-50e5492bd3dc</uuid>
|
|
<memory>219136</memory>
|
|
<currentMemory>219136</currentMemory>
|
|
<vcpu>1</vcpu>
|
|
<os>
|
|
<type>hvm</type>
|
|
</os>
|
|
<features>
|
|
<apic/>
|
|
<acpi/>
|
|
</features>
|
|
<clock offset='utc'/>
|
|
<on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>
|
|
<on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>
|
|
<on_crash>destroy</on_crash>
|
|
<devices>
|
|
<disk type='file'>
|
|
<driver name='file' type='raw'/>
|
|
<source file='/path/to/bhyve_freebsd.img'/>
|
|
<target dev='hda' bus='sata'/>
|
|
</disk>
|
|
<disk type='file' device='cdrom'>
|
|
<driver name='file' type='raw'/>
|
|
<source file='/path/to/cdrom.iso'/>
|
|
<target dev='hdc' bus='sata'/>
|
|
<readonly/>
|
|
</disk>
|
|
<interface type='bridge'>
|
|
<model type='virtio'/>
|
|
<source bridge="virbr0"/>
|
|
</interface>
|
|
</devices>
|
|
</domain>
|
|
</pre>
|
|
|
|
<p>(The <disk> sections may be swapped in order to install from
|
|
<em>cdrom.iso</em>.)</p>
|
|
|
|
<h3>Example config (Linux guest)</h3>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
Note the addition of <bootloader>.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre>
|
|
<domain type='bhyve'>
|
|
<name>linux_guest</name>
|
|
<uuid>df3be7e7-a104-11e3-aeb0-50e5492bd3dc</uuid>
|
|
<memory>131072</memory>
|
|
<currentMemory>131072</currentMemory>
|
|
<vcpu>1</vcpu>
|
|
<bootloader>/usr/local/sbin/grub-bhyve</bootloader>
|
|
<os>
|
|
<type>hvm</type>
|
|
</os>
|
|
<features>
|
|
<apic/>
|
|
<acpi/>
|
|
</features>
|
|
<clock offset='utc'/>
|
|
<on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>
|
|
<on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>
|
|
<on_crash>destroy</on_crash>
|
|
<devices>
|
|
<disk type='file' device='disk'>
|
|
<driver name='file' type='raw'/>
|
|
<source file='/path/to/guest_hdd.img'/>
|
|
<target dev='hda' bus='sata'/>
|
|
</disk>
|
|
<disk type='file' device='cdrom'>
|
|
<driver name='file' type='raw'/>
|
|
<source file='/path/to/cdrom.iso'/>
|
|
<target dev='hdc' bus='sata'/>
|
|
<readonly/>
|
|
</disk>
|
|
<interface type='bridge'>
|
|
<model type='virtio'/>
|
|
<source bridge="virbr0"/>
|
|
</interface>
|
|
</devices>
|
|
</domain>
|
|
</pre>
|
|
|
|
<h3>Example config (Linux UEFI guest, VNC, tablet)</h3>
|
|
|
|
<p>This is an example to boot into Fedora 25 installation:</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre>
|
|
<domain type='bhyve'>
|
|
<name>fedora_uefi_vnc_tablet</name>
|
|
<memory unit='G'>4</memory>
|
|
<vcpu>2</vcpu>
|
|
<os>
|
|
<type>hvm</type>
|
|
<b><loader readonly="yes" type="pflash">/usr/local/share/uefi-firmware/BHYVE_UEFI.fd</loader></b>
|
|
</os>
|
|
<features>
|
|
<apic/>
|
|
<acpi/>
|
|
</features>
|
|
<clock offset='utc'/>
|
|
<on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>
|
|
<on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>
|
|
<on_crash>destroy</on_crash>
|
|
<devices>
|
|
<disk type='file' device='cdrom'>
|
|
<driver name='file' type='raw'/>
|
|
<source file='/path/to/Fedora-Workstation-Live-x86_64-25-1.3.iso'/>
|
|
<target dev='hdc' bus='sata'/>
|
|
<readonly/>
|
|
</disk>
|
|
<disk type='file' device='disk'>
|
|
<driver name='file' type='raw'/>
|
|
<source file='/path/to/linux_uefi.img'/>
|
|
<target dev='hda' bus='sata'/>
|
|
</disk>
|
|
<interface type='bridge'>
|
|
<model type='virtio'/>
|
|
<source bridge="virbr0"/>
|
|
</interface>
|
|
<serial type="nmdm">
|
|
<source master="/dev/nmdm0A" slave="/dev/nmdm0B"/>
|
|
</serial>
|
|
<b><graphics type='vnc' port='5904'>
|
|
<listen type='address' address='127.0.0.1'/>
|
|
</graphics>
|
|
<controller type='usb' model='nec-xhci'/>
|
|
<input type='tablet' bus='usb'/></b>
|
|
</devices>
|
|
</domain>
|
|
</pre>
|
|
|
|
<p>Please refer to the <a href="#uefi">UEFI</a> section for a more detailed explanation.</p>
|
|
|
|
<h2><a id="usage">Guest usage / management</a></h2>
|
|
|
|
<h3><a id="console">Connecting to a guest console</a></h3>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
Guest console connection is supported through the <code>nmdm</code> device. It could be enabled by adding
|
|
the following to the domain XML (<span class="since">Since 1.2.4</span>):
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre>
|
|
...
|
|
<devices>
|
|
<serial type="nmdm">
|
|
<source master="/dev/nmdm0A" slave="/dev/nmdm0B"/>
|
|
</serial>
|
|
</devices>
|
|
...</pre>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<p>Make sure to load the <code>nmdm</code> kernel module if you plan to use that.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
Then <code>virsh console</code> command can be used to connect to the text console
|
|
of a guest.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><b>NB:</b> Some versions of bhyve have a bug that prevents guests from booting
|
|
until the console is opened by a client. This bug was fixed in FreeBSD
|
|
<a href="http://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/base/262884">r262884</a>. If
|
|
an older version is used, one either has to open a console manually with <code>virsh console</code>
|
|
to let a guest boot or start a guest using:</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre>start --console domname</pre>
|
|
|
|
<p><b>NB:</b> A bootloader configured to require user interaction will prevent
|
|
the domain from starting (and thus <code>virsh console</code> or <code>start
|
|
--console</code> from functioning) until the user interacts with it manually on
|
|
the VM host. Because users typically do not have access to the VM host,
|
|
interactive bootloaders are unsupported by libvirt. <em>However,</em> if you happen to
|
|
run into this scenario and also happen to have access to the Bhyve host
|
|
machine, you may select a boot option and allow the domain to finish starting
|
|
by using an alternative terminal client on the VM host to connect to the
|
|
domain-configured null modem device. One example (assuming
|
|
<code>/dev/nmdm0B</code> is configured as the slave end of the domain serial
|
|
device) is:</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre>cu -l /dev/nmdm0B</pre>
|
|
|
|
<h3><a id="xmltonative">Converting from domain XML to Bhyve args</a></h3>
|
|
|
|
<p>
|
|
The <code>virsh domxml-to-native</code> command can preview the actual
|
|
<code>bhyve</code> commands that will be executed for a given domain.
|
|
It outputs two lines, the first line is a <code>bhyveload</code> command and
|
|
the second is a <code>bhyve</code> command.
|
|
</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Please note that the <code>virsh domxml-to-native</code> doesn't do any
|
|
real actions other than printing the command, for example, it doesn't try to
|
|
find a proper TAP interface and create it, like what is done when starting
|
|
a domain; and always returns <code>tap0</code> for the network interface. So
|
|
if you're going to run these commands manually, most likely you might want to
|
|
tweak them.</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre>
|
|
# virsh -c "bhyve:///system" domxml-to-native --format bhyve-argv --xml /path/to/bhyve.xml
|
|
/usr/sbin/bhyveload -m 214 -d /home/user/vm1.img vm1
|
|
/usr/sbin/bhyve -c 2 -m 214 -A -I -H -P -s 0:0,hostbridge -s 3:0,virtio-net,tap0,mac=52:54:00:5d:74:e3 -s 2:0,virtio-blk,/home/user/vm1.img -s 1,lpc -l com1,/dev/nmdm0A vm1
|
|
</pre>
|
|
|
|
<h3><a id="zfsvolume">Using ZFS volumes</a></h3>
|
|
|
|
<p>It's possible to use ZFS volumes as disk devices <span class="since">since 1.2.8</span>.
|
|
An example of domain XML device entry for that will look like:</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre>
|
|
...
|
|
<disk type='volume' device='disk'>
|
|
<source pool='zfspool' volume='vol1'/>
|
|
<target dev='vdb' bus='virtio'/>
|
|
</disk>
|
|
...</pre>
|
|
|
|
<p>Please refer to the <a href="storage.html">Storage documentation</a> for more details on storage
|
|
management.</p>
|
|
|
|
<h3><a id="grubbhyve">Using grub2-bhyve or Alternative Bootloaders</a></h3>
|
|
|
|
<p>It's possible to boot non-FreeBSD guests by specifying an explicit
|
|
bootloader, e.g. <code>grub-bhyve(1)</code>. Arguments to the bootloader may be
|
|
specified as well. If the bootloader is <code>grub-bhyve</code> and arguments
|
|
are omitted, libvirt will try and infer boot ordering from user-supplied
|
|
<boot order='N'> configuration in the domain. Failing that, it will boot
|
|
the first disk in the domain (either <code>cdrom</code>- or
|
|
<code>disk</code>-type devices). If the disk type is <code>disk</code>, it will
|
|
attempt to boot from the first partition in the disk image.</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre>
|
|
...
|
|
<bootloader>/usr/local/sbin/grub-bhyve</bootloader>
|
|
<bootloader_args>...</bootloader_args>
|
|
...
|
|
</pre>
|
|
|
|
<p>Caveat: <code>bootloader_args</code> does not support any quoting.
|
|
Filenames, etc, must not have spaces or they will be tokenized incorrectly.</p>
|
|
|
|
<h3><a id="uefi">Using UEFI bootrom, VNC, and USB tablet</a></h3>
|
|
|
|
<p><span class="since">Since 3.2.0</span>, in addition to <a href="#grubbhyve">grub-bhyve</a>,
|
|
non-FreeBSD guests could be also booted using an UEFI boot ROM, provided both guest OS and
|
|
installed <code>bhyve(1)</code> version support UEFI. To use that, <code>loader</code>
|
|
should be specified in the <code>os</code> section:</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre>
|
|
<domain type='bhyve'>
|
|
...
|
|
<os>
|
|
<type>hvm</type>
|
|
<loader readonly="yes" type="pflash">/usr/local/share/uefi-firmware/BHYVE_UEFI.fd</loader>
|
|
</os>
|
|
...
|
|
</pre>
|
|
|
|
<p>This uses the UEFI firmware provided by
|
|
the <a href="https://www.freshports.org/sysutils/bhyve-firmware/">sysutils/bhyve-firmware</a>
|
|
FreeBSD port.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>VNC and the tablet input device could be configured this way:</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre>
|
|
<domain type='bhyve'>
|
|
<devices>
|
|
...
|
|
<graphics type='vnc' port='5904'>
|
|
<listen type='address' address='127.0.0.1'/>
|
|
</graphics>
|
|
<controller type='usb' model='nec-xhci'/>
|
|
<input type='tablet' bus='usb'/>
|
|
</devices>
|
|
...
|
|
</domain>
|
|
</pre>
|
|
|
|
<p>This way, VNC will be accessible on <code>127.0.0.1:5904</code>.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p>Please note that the tablet device requires to have a USB controller
|
|
of the <code>nec-xhci</code> model. Currently, only a single controller of this
|
|
type and a single tablet are supported per domain.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><span class="since">Since 3.5.0</span>, it's possible to configure how the video device is exposed
|
|
to the guest using the <code>vgaconf</code> attribute:</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre>
|
|
<domain type='bhyve'>
|
|
<devices>
|
|
...
|
|
<graphics type='vnc' port='5904'>
|
|
<listen type='address' address='127.0.0.1'/>
|
|
</graphics>
|
|
<video>
|
|
<driver vgaconf='on'/>
|
|
<model type='gop' heads='1' primary='yes'/>
|
|
</video>
|
|
...
|
|
</devices>
|
|
...
|
|
</domain>
|
|
</pre>
|
|
|
|
<p>If not specified, bhyve's default mode for <code>vgaconf</code>
|
|
will be used. Please refer to the
|
|
<a href="https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=bhyve&sektion=8&manpath=FreeBSD+12-current">bhyve(8)</a>
|
|
manual page and the <a href="https://wiki.freebsd.org/bhyve">bhyve wiki</a> for more details on using
|
|
the <code>vgaconf</code> option.</p>
|
|
|
|
<p><span class="since">Since 3.7.0</span>, it's possible to use <code>autoport</code>
|
|
to let libvirt allocate VNC port automatically (instead of explicitly specifying
|
|
it with the <code>port</code> attribute):</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre>
|
|
<graphics type='vnc' autoport='yes'>
|
|
</pre>
|
|
|
|
<h3><a id="clockconfig">Clock configuration</a></h3>
|
|
|
|
<p>Originally bhyve supported only localtime for RTC. Support for UTC time was introduced in
|
|
<a href="http://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/base/284894">r284894</a> for <i>10-STABLE</i> and
|
|
in <a href="http://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/base/279225">r279225</a> for <i>-CURRENT</i>.
|
|
It's possible to use this in libvirt <span class="since">since 1.2.18</span>, just place the
|
|
following to domain XML:</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre>
|
|
<domain type="bhyve">
|
|
...
|
|
<clock offset='utc'/>
|
|
...
|
|
</domain>
|
|
</pre>
|
|
|
|
<p>Please note that if you run the older bhyve version that doesn't support UTC time, you'll
|
|
fail to start a domain. As UTC is used as a default when you do not specify clock settings,
|
|
you'll need to explicitly specify 'localtime' in this case:</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre>
|
|
<domain type="bhyve">
|
|
...
|
|
<clock offset='localtime'/>
|
|
...
|
|
</domain>
|
|
</pre>
|
|
|
|
<h3><a id="e1000">e1000 NIC</a></h3>
|
|
|
|
<p>As of <a href="https://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/base/302504">r302504</a> bhyve
|
|
supports Intel e1000 network adapter emulation. It's supported in libvirt
|
|
<span class="since">since 3.1.0</span> and could be used as follows:</p>
|
|
|
|
<pre>
|
|
...
|
|
<interface type='bridge'>
|
|
<source bridge='virbr0'/>
|
|
<model type='<b>e1000</b>'/>
|
|
</interface>
|
|
...
|
|
</pre>
|
|
|
|
<h3><a id="wired">Wiring guest memory</a></h3>
|
|
|
|
<p><span class="since">Since 4.4.0</span>, it's possible to specify that guest memory should
|
|
be wired and cannot be swapped out as follows:</p>
|
|
<pre>
|
|
<domain type="bhyve">
|
|
...
|
|
<memoryBacking>
|
|
<locked/>
|
|
</memoryBacking>
|
|
...
|
|
</domain>
|
|
</pre>
|
|
|
|
<h3><a id="cputopology">CPU topology</a></h3>
|
|
|
|
<p><span class="since">Since 4.5.0</span>, it's possible to specify guest CPU topology, if bhyve
|
|
supports that. Support for specifying guest CPU topology was added to bhyve in
|
|
<a href="http://svnweb.freebsd.org/changeset/base/332298">r332298</a> for <i>-CURRENT</i>.
|
|
Example:</p>
|
|
<pre>
|
|
<domain type="bhyve">
|
|
...
|
|
<cpu>
|
|
<topology sockets='1' cores='2' threads='1'/>
|
|
</cpu>
|
|
...
|
|
</domain>
|
|
</pre>
|
|
|
|
<h3><a id="bhyvecommand">Pass-through of arbitrary bhyve commands</a></h3>
|
|
|
|
<p><span class="since">Since 5.1.0</span>, it's possible to pass additional command-line
|
|
arguments to the bhyve process when starting the domain using the
|
|
<code><bhyve:commandline></code> element under <code>domain</code>.
|
|
To supply an argument, use the element <code><bhyve:arg></code> with
|
|
the attribute <code>value</code> set to additional argument to be added.
|
|
The arg element may be repeated multiple times. To use this XML addition, it is necessary
|
|
to issue an XML namespace request (the special <code>xmlns:<i>name</i></code> attribute)
|
|
that pulls in <code>http://libvirt.org/schemas/domain/bhyve/1.0</code>;
|
|
typically, the namespace is given the name of <code>bhyve</code>.
|
|
</p>
|
|
<p>Example:</p>
|
|
<pre>
|
|
<domain type="bhyve" xmlns:bhyve="http://libvirt.org/schemas/domain/bhyve/1.0">
|
|
...
|
|
<bhyve:commandline>
|
|
<bhyve:arg value='-somebhyvearg'/>
|
|
</bhyve:commandline>
|
|
</domain>
|
|
</pre>
|
|
|
|
<p>Note that these extensions are for testing and development purposes only.
|
|
They are <b>unsupported</b>, using them may result in inconsistent state,
|
|
and upgrading either bhyve or libvirtd maybe break behavior of a domain that
|
|
was relying on a specific commands pass-through.</p>
|
|
|
|
</body>
|
|
</html>
|