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355 lines
10 KiB
XML
355 lines
10 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0"?>
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<html>
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<body>
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<h1 >Storage Management</h1>
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<p>
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This page describes the backends for the storage management capabilities in
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libvirt.
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</p>
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<ul>
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<li>
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<a href="#StorageBackendDir">Directory backend</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="#StorageBackendFS">Local filesystem backend</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="#StorageBackendNetFS">Network filesystem backend</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="#StorageBackendLogical">Logical backend</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="#StorageBackendDisk">Disk backend</a>
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</li>
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<li>
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<a href="#StorageBackendISCSI">iSCSI backend</a>
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</li>
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</ul>
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<h2><a name="StorageBackendDir" id="StorageBackendDir">Directory pool</a></h2>
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<p>
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A pool with a type of <code>dir</code> provides the means to manage
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files within a directory. The files can be fully allocated raw files,
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sparsely allocated raw files, or one of the special disk formats
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such as <code>qcow</code>,<code>qcow2</code>,<code>vmdk</code>,
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<code>cow</code>, etc as supported by the <code>qemu-img</code>
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program. If the directory does not exist at the time the pool is
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defined, the <code>build</code> operation can be used to create it.
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</p>
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<h3>Example pool input definition</h3>
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<pre>
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<pool type="dir">
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<name>virtimages</name>
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<target>
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<path>/var/lib/virt/images</path>
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</target>
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</pool>
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</pre>
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<h3>Valid pool format types</h3>
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<p>
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The directory pool does not use the pool format type element.
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</p>
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<h3>Valid volume format types</h3>
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<p>
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One of the following options:
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</p>
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<ul>
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<li><code>raw</code>: a plain file</li>
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<li><code>bochs</code>: Bochs disk image format</li>
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<li><code>cloop</code>: compressed loopback disk image format</li>
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<li><code>cow</code>: User Mode Linux disk image format</li>
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<li><code>dmg</code>: Mac disk image format</li>
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<li><code>iso</code>: CDROM disk image format</li>
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<li><code>qcow</code>: QEMU v1 disk image format</li>
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<li><code>qcow2</code>: QEMU v2 disk image format</li>
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<li><code>vmdk</code>: VMWare disk image format</li>
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<li><code>vpc</code>: VirtualPC disk image format</li>
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</ul>
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<p>
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When listing existing volumes all these formats are supported
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natively. When creating new volumes, only a subset may be
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available. The <code>raw</code> type is guaranteed always
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available. The <code>qcow2</code> type can be created if
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either <code>qemu-img</code> or <code>qcow-create</code> tools
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are present. The others are dependent on support of the
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<code>qemu-img</code> tool.
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</p>
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<h2><a name="StorageBackendFS" id="StorageBackendFS">Filesystem pool</a></h2>
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<p>
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This is a variant of the directory pool. Instead of creating a
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directory on an existing mounted filesystem though, it expects
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a source block device to be named. This block device will be
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mounted and files managed in the directory of its mount point.
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It will default to allowing the kernel to automatically discover
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the filesystem type, though it can be specified manually if
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required.
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</p>
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<h3>Example pool input</h3>
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<pre>
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<pool type="fs">
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<name>virtimages</name>
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<source>
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<device path="/dev/VolGroup00/VirtImages"/>
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</source>
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<target>
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<path>/var/lib/virt/images</path>
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</target>
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</pool>
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</pre>
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<h3>Valid pool format types</h3>
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<p>
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The filesystem pool supports the following formats:
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</p>
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<ul>
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<li><code>auto</code> - automatically determine format</li>
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<li>
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<code>ext2</code>
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</li>
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<li>
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<code>ext3</code>
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</li>
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<li>
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<code>ext4</code>
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</li>
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<li>
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<code>ufs</code>
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</li>
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<li>
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<code>iso9660</code>
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</li>
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<li>
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<code>udf</code>
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</li>
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<li>
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<code>gfs</code>
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</li>
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<li>
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<code>gfs2</code>
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</li>
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<li>
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<code>vfat</code>
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</li>
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<li>
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<code>hfs+</code>
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</li>
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<li>
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<code>xfs</code>
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</li>
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</ul>
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<h3>Valid volume format types</h3>
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<p>
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The valid volume types are the same as for the <code>directory</code>
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pool type.
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</p>
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<h2><a name="StorageBackendNetFS" id="StorageBackendNetFS">Network filesystem pool</a></h2>
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<p>
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This is a variant of the filesystem pool. Instead of requiring
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a local block device as the source, it requires the name of a
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host and path of an exported directory. It will mount this network
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filesystem and manage files within the directory of its mount
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point. It will default to using NFS as the protocol.
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</p>
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<h3>Example pool input</h3>
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<pre>
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<pool type="netfs">
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<name>virtimages</name>
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<source>
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<host name="nfs.example.com"/>
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<dir path="/var/lib/virt/images"/>
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</source>
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<target>
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<path>/var/lib/virt/images</path>
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</target>
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</pool>
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</pre>
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<h3>Valid pool format types</h3>
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<p>
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The network filesystem pool supports the following formats:
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</p>
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<ul>
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<li><code>auto</code> - automatically determine format</li>
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<li>
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<code>nfs</code>
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</li>
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</ul>
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<h3>Valid volume format types</h3>
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<p>
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The valid volume types are the same as for the <code>directory</code>
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pool type.
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</p>
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<h2><a name="StorageBackendLogical" id="StorageBackendLogical">Logical volume pools</a></h2>
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<p>
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This provides a pool based on an LVM volume group. For a
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pre-defined LVM volume group, simply providing the group
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name is sufficient, while to build a new group requires
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providing a list of source devices to serve as physical
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volumes. Volumes will be allocated by carving out chunks
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of storage from the volume group.
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</p>
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<h3>Example pool input</h3>
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<pre>
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<pool type="logical">
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<name>HostVG</name>
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<source>
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<device path="/dev/sda1"/>
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<device path="/dev/sdb1"/>
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<device path="/dev/sdc1"/>
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</source>
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<target>
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<path>/dev/HostVG</path>
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</target>
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</pool>
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</pre>
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<h3>Valid pool format types</h3>
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<p>
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The logical volume pool does not use the pool format type element.
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</p>
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<h3>Valid volume format types</h3>
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<p>
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The logical volume pool does not use the volume format type element.
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</p>
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<h2><a name="StorageBackendDisk" id="StorageBackendDisk">Disk volume pools</a></h2>
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<p>
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This provides a pool based on a physical disk. Volumes are created
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by adding partitions to the disk. Disk pools are have constraints
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on the size and placement of volumes. The 'free extents'
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information will detail the regions which are available for creating
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new volumes. A volume cannot span across 2 different free extents.
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</p>
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<h3>Example pool input</h3>
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<pre>
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<pool type="disk">
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<name>sda</name>
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<source>
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<device path='/dev/sda'/>
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</source>
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<target>
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<path>/dev</path>
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</target>
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</pool>
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</pre>
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<h3>Valid pool format types</h3>
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<p>
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The disk volume pool accepts the following pool format types, representing
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the common partition table types:
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</p>
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<ul>
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<li>
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<code>dos</code>
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</li>
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<li>
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<code>dvh</code>
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</li>
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<li>
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<code>gpt</code>
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</li>
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<li>
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<code>mac</code>
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</li>
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<li>
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<code>bsd</code>
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</li>
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<li>
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<code>pc98</code>
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</li>
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<li>
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<code>sun</code>
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</li>
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</ul>
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<p>
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The <code>dos</code> or <code>gpt</code> formats are recommended for
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best portability - the latter is needed for disks larger than 2TB.
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</p>
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<h3>Valid volume format types</h3>
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<p>
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The disk volume pool accepts the following volume format types, representing
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the common partition entry types:
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</p>
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<ul>
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<li>
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<code>none</code>
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</li>
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<li>
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<code>linux</code>
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</li>
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<li>
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<code>fat16</code>
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</li>
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<li>
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<code>fat32</code>
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</li>
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<li>
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<code>linux-swap</code>
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</li>
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<li>
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<code>linux-lvm</code>
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</li>
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<li>
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<code>linux-raid</code>
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</li>
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<li>
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<code>extended</code>
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</li>
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</ul>
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<h2><a name="StorageBackendISCSI" id="StorageBackendISCSI">iSCSI volume pools</a></h2>
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<p>
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This provides a pool based on an iSCSI target. Volumes must be
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pre-allocated on the iSCSI server, and cannot be created via
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the libvirt APIs. Since /dev/XXX names may change each time libvirt
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logs into the iSCSI target, it is recommended to configure the pool
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to use <code>/dev/disk/by-path</code> or <code>/dev/disk/by-id</code>
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for the target path. These provide persistent stable naming for LUNs
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</p>
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<h3>Example pool input</h3>
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<pre>
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<pool type="iscsi">
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<name>virtimages</name>
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<source>
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<host name="iscsi.example.com"/>
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<device path="demo-target"/>
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</source>
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<target>
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<path>/dev/disk/by-path</path>
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</target>
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</pool>
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</pre>
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<h3>Valid pool format types</h3>
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<p>
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The logical volume pool does not use the pool format type element.
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</p>
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<h3>Valid volume format types</h3>
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<p>
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The logical volume pool does not use the volume format type element.
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</p>
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</body>
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</html>
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