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passt/fwd.c
David Gibson eedc81b6ef fwd, conf: Probe host's ephemeral ports 
When we forward "all" ports (-t all or -u all), or use an exclude-only
range, we don't actually forward *all* ports - that wouln't leave local
ports to use for outgoing connections.  Rather we forward all non-ephemeral
ports - those that won't be used for outgoing connections or datagrams.

Currently we assume the range of ephemeral ports is that recommended by
RFC 6335, 49152-65535.  However, that's not the range used by default on
Linux, 32768-60999 but configurable with the net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range
sysctl.

We can't really know what range the guest will consider ephemeral, but if
it differs too much from the host it's likely to cause problems we can't
avoid anyway.  So, using the host's ephemeral range is a better guess than
using the RFC 6335 range.

Therefore, add logic to probe the host's ephemeral range, falling back to
the RFC 6335 range if that fails.  This has the bonus advantage of
reducing the number of ports bound by -t all -u all on most Linux machines
thereby reducing kernel memory usage.  Specifically this reduces kernel
memory usage with -t all -u all from ~380MiB to ~289MiB.

Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Reviewed-by: Laurent Vivier <lvivier@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
2024-08-29 22:26:08 +02:00

505 lines
15 KiB
C
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// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
/* PASST - Plug A Simple Socket Transport
* for qemu/UNIX domain socket mode
*
* PASTA - Pack A Subtle Tap Abstraction
* for network namespace/tap device mode
*
* fwd.c - Port forwarding helpers
*
* Copyright Red Hat
* Author: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
* Author: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
*/
#include <stdint.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <sched.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include "util.h"
#include "ip.h"
#include "fwd.h"
#include "passt.h"
#include "lineread.h"
#include "flow_table.h"
/* Empheral port range: values from RFC 6335 */
static in_port_t fwd_ephemeral_min = (1 << 15) + (1 << 14);
static in_port_t fwd_ephemeral_max = NUM_PORTS - 1;
#define PORT_RANGE_SYSCTL "/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_local_port_range"
/** fwd_probe_ephemeral() - Determine what ports this host considers ephemeral
*
* Work out what ports the host thinks are emphemeral and record it for later
* use by fwd_port_is_ephemeral(). If we're unable to probe, assume the range
* recommended by RFC 6335.
*/
void fwd_probe_ephemeral(void)
{
char *line, *tab, *end;
struct lineread lr;
long min, max;
ssize_t len;
int fd;
fd = open(PORT_RANGE_SYSCTL, O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC);
if (fd < 0) {
warn_perror("Unable to open %s", PORT_RANGE_SYSCTL);
return;
}
lineread_init(&lr, fd);
len = lineread_get(&lr, &line);
close(fd);
if (len < 0)
goto parse_err;
tab = strchr(line, '\t');
if (!tab)
goto parse_err;
*tab = '\0';
errno = 0;
min = strtol(line, &end, 10);
if (*end || errno)
goto parse_err;
errno = 0;
max = strtol(tab + 1, &end, 10);
if (*end || errno)
goto parse_err;
if (min < 0 || min >= NUM_PORTS ||
max < 0 || max >= NUM_PORTS)
goto parse_err;
fwd_ephemeral_min = min;
fwd_ephemeral_max = max;
return;
parse_err:
warn("Unable to parse %s", PORT_RANGE_SYSCTL);
}
/**
* fwd_port_is_ephemeral() - Is port number ephemeral?
* @port: Port number
*
* Return: true if @port is ephemeral, that is may be allocated by the kernel as
* a local port for outgoing connections or datagrams, but should not be
* used for binding services to.
*/
bool fwd_port_is_ephemeral(in_port_t port)
{
return (port >= fwd_ephemeral_min) && (port <= fwd_ephemeral_max);
}
/* See enum in kernel's include/net/tcp_states.h */
#define UDP_LISTEN 0x07
#define TCP_LISTEN 0x0a
/**
* procfs_scan_listen() - Set bits for listening TCP or UDP sockets from procfs
* @fd: fd for relevant /proc/net file
* @lstate: Code for listening state to scan for
* @map: Bitmap where numbers of ports in listening state will be set
* @exclude: Bitmap of ports to exclude from setting (and clear)
*
* #syscalls:pasta lseek
* #syscalls:pasta ppc64le:_llseek ppc64:_llseek arm:_llseek
*/
static void procfs_scan_listen(int fd, unsigned int lstate,
uint8_t *map, const uint8_t *exclude)
{
struct lineread lr;
unsigned long port;
unsigned int state;
char *line;
if (fd < 0)
return;
if (lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET)) {
warn_perror("lseek() failed on /proc/net file");
return;
}
lineread_init(&lr, fd);
lineread_get(&lr, &line); /* throw away header */
while (lineread_get(&lr, &line) > 0) {
/* NOLINTNEXTLINE(cert-err34-c): != 2 if conversion fails */
if (sscanf(line, "%*u: %*x:%lx %*x:%*x %x", &port, &state) != 2)
continue;
if (state != lstate)
continue;
if (bitmap_isset(exclude, port))
bitmap_clear(map, port);
else
bitmap_set(map, port);
}
}
/**
* fwd_scan_ports_tcp() - Scan /proc to update TCP forwarding map
* @fwd: Forwarding information to update
* @rev: Forwarding information for the reverse direction
*/
void fwd_scan_ports_tcp(struct fwd_ports *fwd, const struct fwd_ports *rev)
{
memset(fwd->map, 0, PORT_BITMAP_SIZE);
procfs_scan_listen(fwd->scan4, TCP_LISTEN, fwd->map, rev->map);
procfs_scan_listen(fwd->scan6, TCP_LISTEN, fwd->map, rev->map);
}
/**
* fwd_scan_ports_udp() - Scan /proc to update UDP forwarding map
* @fwd: Forwarding information to update
* @rev: Forwarding information for the reverse direction
* @tcp_fwd: Corresponding TCP forwarding information
* @tcp_rev: TCP forwarding information for the reverse direction
*/
void fwd_scan_ports_udp(struct fwd_ports *fwd, const struct fwd_ports *rev,
const struct fwd_ports *tcp_fwd,
const struct fwd_ports *tcp_rev)
{
uint8_t exclude[PORT_BITMAP_SIZE];
bitmap_or(exclude, PORT_BITMAP_SIZE, rev->map, tcp_rev->map);
memset(fwd->map, 0, PORT_BITMAP_SIZE);
procfs_scan_listen(fwd->scan4, UDP_LISTEN, fwd->map, exclude);
procfs_scan_listen(fwd->scan6, UDP_LISTEN, fwd->map, exclude);
/* Also forward UDP ports with the same numbers as bound TCP ports.
* This is useful for a handful of protocols (e.g. iperf3) where a TCP
* control port is used to set up transfers on a corresponding UDP
* port.
*
* This means we need to skip numbers of TCP ports bound on the other
* side, too. Otherwise, we would detect corresponding UDP ports as
* bound and try to forward them from the opposite side, but it's
* already us handling them.
*/
procfs_scan_listen(tcp_fwd->scan4, TCP_LISTEN, fwd->map, exclude);
procfs_scan_listen(tcp_fwd->scan6, TCP_LISTEN, fwd->map, exclude);
}
/**
* fwd_scan_ports_init() - Initial setup for automatic port forwarding
* @c: Execution context
*/
void fwd_scan_ports_init(struct ctx *c)
{
const int flags = O_RDONLY | O_CLOEXEC;
c->tcp.fwd_in.scan4 = c->tcp.fwd_in.scan6 = -1;
c->tcp.fwd_out.scan4 = c->tcp.fwd_out.scan6 = -1;
c->udp.fwd_in.scan4 = c->udp.fwd_in.scan6 = -1;
c->udp.fwd_out.scan4 = c->udp.fwd_out.scan6 = -1;
if (c->tcp.fwd_in.mode == FWD_AUTO) {
c->tcp.fwd_in.scan4 = open_in_ns(c, "/proc/net/tcp", flags);
c->tcp.fwd_in.scan6 = open_in_ns(c, "/proc/net/tcp6", flags);
fwd_scan_ports_tcp(&c->tcp.fwd_in, &c->tcp.fwd_out);
}
if (c->udp.fwd_in.mode == FWD_AUTO) {
c->udp.fwd_in.scan4 = open_in_ns(c, "/proc/net/udp", flags);
c->udp.fwd_in.scan6 = open_in_ns(c, "/proc/net/udp6", flags);
fwd_scan_ports_udp(&c->udp.fwd_in, &c->udp.fwd_out,
&c->tcp.fwd_in, &c->tcp.fwd_out);
}
if (c->tcp.fwd_out.mode == FWD_AUTO) {
c->tcp.fwd_out.scan4 = open("/proc/net/tcp", flags);
c->tcp.fwd_out.scan6 = open("/proc/net/tcp6", flags);
fwd_scan_ports_tcp(&c->tcp.fwd_out, &c->tcp.fwd_in);
}
if (c->udp.fwd_out.mode == FWD_AUTO) {
c->udp.fwd_out.scan4 = open("/proc/net/udp", flags);
c->udp.fwd_out.scan6 = open("/proc/net/udp6", flags);
fwd_scan_ports_udp(&c->udp.fwd_out, &c->udp.fwd_in,
&c->tcp.fwd_out, &c->tcp.fwd_in);
}
}
/**
* is_dns_flow() - Determine if flow appears to be a DNS request
* @proto: Protocol (IP L4 protocol number)
* @ini: Flow address information of the initiating side
*
* Return: true if the flow appears to be directed at a dns server, that is a
* TCP or UDP flow to port 53 (domain) or port 853 (domain-s)
*/
static bool is_dns_flow(uint8_t proto, const struct flowside *ini)
{
return ((proto == IPPROTO_UDP) || (proto == IPPROTO_TCP)) &&
((ini->oport == 53) || (ini->oport == 853));
}
/**
* fwd_guest_accessible4() - Is IPv4 address guest-accessible
* @c: Execution context
* @addr: Host visible IPv4 address
*
* Return: true if @addr on the host is accessible to the guest without
* translation, false otherwise
*/
static bool fwd_guest_accessible4(const struct ctx *c,
const struct in_addr *addr)
{
if (IN4_IS_ADDR_LOOPBACK(addr))
return false;
/* In socket interfaces 0.0.0.0 generally means "any" or unspecified,
* however on the wire it can mean "this host on this network". Since
* that has a different meaning for host and guest, we can't let it
* through untranslated.
*/
if (IN4_IS_ADDR_UNSPECIFIED(addr))
return false;
/* For IPv4, addr_seen is initialised to addr, so is always a valid
* address
*/
if (IN4_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL(addr, &c->ip4.addr) ||
IN4_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL(addr, &c->ip4.addr_seen))
return false;
return true;
}
/**
* fwd_guest_accessible6() - Is IPv6 address guest-accessible
* @c: Execution context
* @addr: Host visible IPv6 address
*
* Return: true if @addr on the host is accessible to the guest without
* translation, false otherwise
*/
static bool fwd_guest_accessible6(const struct ctx *c,
const struct in6_addr *addr)
{
if (IN6_IS_ADDR_LOOPBACK(addr))
return false;
if (IN6_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL(addr, &c->ip6.addr))
return false;
/* For IPv6, addr_seen starts unspecified, because we don't know what LL
* address the guest will take until we see it. Only check against it
* if it has been set to a real address.
*/
if (!IN6_IS_ADDR_UNSPECIFIED(&c->ip6.addr_seen) &&
IN6_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL(addr, &c->ip6.addr_seen))
return false;
return true;
}
/**
* fwd_guest_accessible() - Is IPv[46] address guest-accessible
* @c: Execution context
* @addr: Host visible IPv[46] address
*
* Return: true if @addr on the host is accessible to the guest without
* translation, false otherwise
*/
static bool fwd_guest_accessible(const struct ctx *c,
const union inany_addr *addr)
{
const struct in_addr *a4 = inany_v4(addr);
if (a4)
return fwd_guest_accessible4(c, a4);
return fwd_guest_accessible6(c, &addr->a6);
}
/**
* fwd_nat_from_tap() - Determine to forward a flow from the tap interface
* @c: Execution context
* @proto: Protocol (IP L4 protocol number)
* @ini: Flow address information of the initiating side
* @tgt: Flow address information on the target side (updated)
*
* Return: pif of the target interface to forward the flow to, PIF_NONE if the
* flow cannot or should not be forwarded at all.
*/
uint8_t fwd_nat_from_tap(const struct ctx *c, uint8_t proto,
const struct flowside *ini, struct flowside *tgt)
{
if (is_dns_flow(proto, ini) &&
inany_equals4(&ini->oaddr, &c->ip4.dns_match))
tgt->eaddr = inany_from_v4(c->ip4.dns_host);
else if (is_dns_flow(proto, ini) &&
inany_equals6(&ini->oaddr, &c->ip6.dns_match))
tgt->eaddr.a6 = c->ip6.dns_host;
else if (inany_equals4(&ini->oaddr, &c->ip4.map_host_loopback))
tgt->eaddr = inany_loopback4;
else if (inany_equals6(&ini->oaddr, &c->ip6.map_host_loopback))
tgt->eaddr = inany_loopback6;
else if (inany_equals4(&ini->oaddr, &c->ip4.map_guest_addr))
tgt->eaddr = inany_from_v4(c->ip4.addr);
else if (inany_equals6(&ini->oaddr, &c->ip6.map_guest_addr))
tgt->eaddr.a6 = c->ip6.addr;
else
tgt->eaddr = ini->oaddr;
tgt->eport = ini->oport;
/* The relevant addr_out controls the host side source address. This
* may be unspecified, which allows the kernel to pick an address.
*/
if (inany_v4(&tgt->eaddr))
tgt->oaddr = inany_from_v4(c->ip4.addr_out);
else
tgt->oaddr.a6 = c->ip6.addr_out;
/* Let the kernel pick a host side source port */
tgt->oport = 0;
if (proto == IPPROTO_UDP) {
/* But for UDP we preserve the source port */
tgt->oport = ini->eport;
}
return PIF_HOST;
}
/**
* fwd_nat_from_splice() - Determine to forward a flow from the splice interface
* @c: Execution context
* @proto: Protocol (IP L4 protocol number)
* @ini: Flow address information of the initiating side
* @tgt: Flow address information on the target side (updated)
*
* Return: pif of the target interface to forward the flow to, PIF_NONE if the
* flow cannot or should not be forwarded at all.
*/
uint8_t fwd_nat_from_splice(const struct ctx *c, uint8_t proto,
const struct flowside *ini, struct flowside *tgt)
{
if (!inany_is_loopback(&ini->eaddr) ||
(!inany_is_loopback(&ini->oaddr) && !inany_is_unspecified(&ini->oaddr))) {
char estr[INANY_ADDRSTRLEN], fstr[INANY_ADDRSTRLEN];
debug("Non loopback address on %s: [%s]:%hu -> [%s]:%hu",
pif_name(PIF_SPLICE),
inany_ntop(&ini->eaddr, estr, sizeof(estr)), ini->eport,
inany_ntop(&ini->oaddr, fstr, sizeof(fstr)), ini->oport);
return PIF_NONE;
}
if (inany_v4(&ini->eaddr))
tgt->eaddr = inany_loopback4;
else
tgt->eaddr = inany_loopback6;
/* Preserve the specific loopback adddress used, but let the kernel pick
* a source port on the target side
*/
tgt->oaddr = ini->eaddr;
tgt->oport = 0;
tgt->eport = ini->oport;
if (proto == IPPROTO_TCP)
tgt->eport += c->tcp.fwd_out.delta[tgt->eport];
else if (proto == IPPROTO_UDP)
tgt->eport += c->udp.fwd_out.delta[tgt->eport];
/* Let the kernel pick a host side source port */
tgt->oport = 0;
if (proto == IPPROTO_UDP)
/* But for UDP preserve the source port */
tgt->oport = ini->eport;
return PIF_HOST;
}
/**
* fwd_nat_from_host() - Determine to forward a flow from the host interface
* @c: Execution context
* @proto: Protocol (IP L4 protocol number)
* @ini: Flow address information of the initiating side
* @tgt: Flow address information on the target side (updated)
*
* Return: pif of the target interface to forward the flow to, PIF_NONE if the
* flow cannot or should not be forwarded at all.
*/
uint8_t fwd_nat_from_host(const struct ctx *c, uint8_t proto,
const struct flowside *ini, struct flowside *tgt)
{
/* Common for spliced and non-spliced cases */
tgt->eport = ini->oport;
if (proto == IPPROTO_TCP)
tgt->eport += c->tcp.fwd_in.delta[tgt->eport];
else if (proto == IPPROTO_UDP)
tgt->eport += c->udp.fwd_in.delta[tgt->eport];
if (c->mode == MODE_PASTA && inany_is_loopback(&ini->eaddr) &&
(proto == IPPROTO_TCP || proto == IPPROTO_UDP)) {
/* spliceable */
/* Preserve the specific loopback adddress used, but let the
* kernel pick a source port on the target side
*/
tgt->oaddr = ini->eaddr;
tgt->oport = 0;
if (proto == IPPROTO_UDP)
/* But for UDP preserve the source port */
tgt->oport = ini->eport;
if (inany_v4(&ini->eaddr))
tgt->eaddr = inany_loopback4;
else
tgt->eaddr = inany_loopback6;
return PIF_SPLICE;
}
if (!IN4_IS_ADDR_UNSPECIFIED(&c->ip4.map_host_loopback) &&
inany_equals4(&ini->eaddr, &in4addr_loopback)) {
/* Specifically 127.0.0.1, not 127.0.0.0/8 */
tgt->oaddr = inany_from_v4(c->ip4.map_host_loopback);
} else if (!IN6_IS_ADDR_UNSPECIFIED(&c->ip6.map_host_loopback) &&
inany_equals6(&ini->eaddr, &in6addr_loopback)) {
tgt->oaddr.a6 = c->ip6.map_host_loopback;
} else if (!IN4_IS_ADDR_UNSPECIFIED(&c->ip4.map_guest_addr) &&
inany_equals4(&ini->eaddr, &c->ip4.addr)) {
tgt->oaddr = inany_from_v4(c->ip4.map_guest_addr);
} else if (!IN6_IS_ADDR_UNSPECIFIED(&c->ip6.map_guest_addr) &&
inany_equals6(&ini->eaddr, &c->ip6.addr)) {
tgt->oaddr.a6 = c->ip6.map_guest_addr;
} else if (!fwd_guest_accessible(c, &ini->eaddr)) {
if (inany_v4(&ini->eaddr)) {
if (IN4_IS_ADDR_UNSPECIFIED(&c->ip4.our_tap_addr))
/* No source address we can use */
return PIF_NONE;
tgt->oaddr = inany_from_v4(c->ip4.our_tap_addr);
} else {
tgt->oaddr.a6 = c->ip6.our_tap_ll;
}
} else {
tgt->oaddr = ini->eaddr;
}
tgt->oport = ini->eport;
if (inany_v4(&tgt->oaddr)) {
tgt->eaddr = inany_from_v4(c->ip4.addr_seen);
} else {
if (inany_is_linklocal6(&tgt->oaddr))
tgt->eaddr.a6 = c->ip6.addr_ll_seen;
else
tgt->eaddr.a6 = c->ip6.addr_seen;
}
return PIF_TAP;
}
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