Move the method that is used to decide whether the guest should be
signalled into the Queue implementation from vm-virtio. This removes
duplicated code between vhost_user_backend and the vm-virtio block
implementation.
Signed-off-by: Rob Bradford <robert.bradford@intel.com>
The implementation of this virtio block (and vhost-user block) command
called a function that was a no-op on Linux. Use the same function as
virtio-pmem to ensure that data is not lost when the guest asks for it
to be flused to disk.
Fixes: #399
Signed-off-by: Rob Bradford <robert.bradford@intel.com>
For both virtio-mmio and virtio-pci transport layers, we were setting
every field from the saved snapshot during a restore. This is a problem
when we don't want to override specific fields such as iommu_mapping_cb
because the saved snapshot doesn't contain the appropriate information.
That's why this commit sets only the appropriate field from the saved
snapshot during a restore.
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
Provide implementation for both snapshot() and restore() methods from
the Snapshottable trait, so that we can snapshot and restore a VM with
devices attached to a virtual IOMMU.
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
According to the virtio spec the guest should always be interrupted when
"used" descriptors are returned from the device to the driver. However
this was not the case for the TX queue in either the virtio-net
implementation or the vhost-user-net implementation.
This would have meant that the guest could end up with a reduced TX
throughput as it would not know that the packets had been dispatched via
the VMM.
Signed-off-by: Rob Bradford <robert.bradford@intel.com>
Add a new "host_mac" parameter to "--net" and "--net-backend" and use
this to set the MAC address on the tap interface. If no address is given
one is randomly assigned and is stored in the config.
Support for vhost-user-net self spawning was also included.
Fixes: #1177
Signed-off-by: Rob Bradford <robert.bradford@intel.com>
From a VirtioPciDevice perspective, there are two types of BARs, either
the virtio configuration BAR or the SHaredMemory BAR.
The SHaredMemory BAR address comes from the virtio device directly as
the memory region had been previously allocated when the virtio device
has been created. So for this BAR, there's nothing to do when restoring
a VM, since the associated virtio device is already restored with the
appropriate resources, hence the BAR will already be at the right
address.
The remaining configuration BAR is different, as we usually get its
address from the SystemAllocator. This means in case we restore a VM,
we must provide this value, bypassing the allocator. This is what this
commit takes care of, by letting the caller set the base address for the
configuration BAR prior to allocating the BARs.
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
This gives Cloud-Hypervisor the possibility to snapshot and restore a
VM running with virtio-pci devices attached to it.
The VirtioPciDevice snapshot contains a vector of sub-snapshots to store
and restore information related to MsixConfig, VirtioPciCommonConfig and
PciConfiguration structures, along with snapshot data related to
VirtioPciDevice itself.
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
This structure contains all the virtio generic information, and as part
of restoring a VM with virtio-pci devices, it is important to restore
these values to ensure the device's proper functioning.
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
Upon a virtio reset, the driver expects that available and used indexes
will be reset to 0. That's why we need to reset these values from the
VMM for any virtio device that might get reset.
This issue was not detected before because the Vec<Queue> maintained
through VirtioPciDevice or MmioDevice was never updated from the virtio
device thread after the device had been actived. For this reason, upon
reset, both available and used indexes were already at the value 0.
The issue arose when trying to reset a device after the VM was restored.
That's because during the restore, each queue is assigned with the right
available and used indexes before it is passed to the device through the
activate function. And that's why upon reset, each queue was still
assigned with these indexes while it should have been reset to 0.
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
All our virtio devices support to be reset, but the virtio-mmio
transport layer was not implemented for it. This patch fixes this
lack of support.
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
It's not possible to call UnixListener::Bind() on an existing file so
unlink the created socket when shutting down the Vsock device.
This will allow the VM to be rebooted with a vsock device.
Fixes: #1083
Signed-off-by: Rob Bradford <robert.bradford@intel.com>
This identifier is chosen from the DeviceManager so that it will manage
all identifiers across the VM, which will ensure uniqueness.
It is based off the name from the virtio device attached to this
transport layer.
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
This identifier is chosen from the DeviceManager so that it will manage
all identifiers across the VM, which will ensure uniqueness.
It is based off the name from the virtio device attached to this
transport layer.
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
This identifier is chosen from the DeviceManager so that it will manage
all identifiers across the VM, which will ensure uniqueness.
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
This identifier is chosen from the DeviceManager so that it will manage
all identifiers across the VM, which will ensure uniqueness.
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
This identifier is chosen from the DeviceManager so that it will manage
all identifiers across the VM, which will ensure uniqueness.
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
This identifier is chosen from the DeviceManager so that it will manage
all identifiers across the VM, which will ensure uniqueness.
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
This identifier is chosen from the DeviceManager so that it will manage
all identifiers across the VM, which will ensure uniqueness.
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
This identifier is chosen from the DeviceManager so that it will manage
all identifiers across the VM, which will ensure uniqueness.
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
This identifier is chosen from the DeviceManager so that it will manage
all identifiers across the VM, which will ensure uniqueness.
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
This identifier is chosen from the DeviceManager so that it will manage
all identifiers across the VM, which will ensure uniqueness.
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
This identifier is chosen from the DeviceManager so that it will manage
all identifiers across the VM, which will ensure uniqueness.
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
This identifier is chosen from the DeviceManager so that it will manage
all identifiers across the VM, which will ensure uniqueness.
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
This identifier is chosen from the DeviceManager so that it will manage
all identifiers across the VM, which will ensure uniqueness.
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
Now that all virtio devices are assigned with identifiers, they could
all be removed from the VM. This is not something that we want to allow
because it does not make sense for some devices. That's why based on the
device type, we remove the device or we return an error to the user.
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Rob Bradford <robert.bradford@intel.com>
FS_IO is part of the actions a vhost-user-fs daemon can ask the VMM to
perform on its behalf. It is meant to read/write the content from a file
descriptor directly into a guest memory region. This region can either
be a RAM region or the dedicated cache region for virtio-fs.
The way FS_IO was implemented, it was only expecting the guest physical
address provided through the "cache_offset" field to refer to the cache
region. Unfortunately, this was only implementing FS_IO partially.
This patch extends the existing FS_IO implementation by checking the GPA
against the cache region as a first step, but if it is not part of the
cache region address range, then we fallback onto searching for a RAM
region that could match. If there is a matching RAM region, we retrieve
the corresponding host address to let the VMM read/write from/to it.
Fixes: #1054
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Jose Carlos Venegas Munoz <jose.carlos.venegas.munoz@intel.com>
This patch implements the Snapshottable trait for virtio-console, which
enables migration support for it. A VM with a virtio-console device
attached can be snapshot and then restored without issues.
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Yi Sun <yi.y.sun@linux.intel.com>
This brings the migration support to virtio-pmem device.
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Yi Sun <yi.y.sun@linux.intel.com>
The frame buffer must be updated depending on the amount read from it,
which depends on the number and depth of descriptors available at the
time of the processing.
This patch handles this buffer update, and allow for large buffers to be
correctly processed in multiple rounds.
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
On the restore path, using the available and used indexes read from
memory to fill the Queue structure was a mistake. Indeed, the available
index is written from the guest and it reflects the last available index
in the descriptor table. But the driver might have queued a lot of
buffers which have not yet been used by the device. This leads to a
situation where the next_avail from Queue is completely different from
the one we can read from memory.
Instead, the right way to determine the next_avail index that should be
used by the device is by relying on the used index from the memory. This
index represents the correct information we're looking for as it has
been updated before the snapshot to let the guest know the next index to
process.
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
First, this modifies the existing helpers on how to get indexes for
available and used rings from memory. Instead of updating the queue
through each helper, they are now used as simple getters.
Based on these new getters, we could create a new helper to determine if
the queue has some available descriptors already queued from the driver
side. This helper is going to be particularly helpful when trying to
determine from a virtio thread if a queue is already loaded with some
available buffers that can be used to send information to the guest.
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
Since the virtio-fs device is backed by a vhost-user process, it is
important to implement the proper shutdown() function from the
VirtioDevice trait, as vhost-user-blk and vhost-user-net do.
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
When hot-unplugging the virtio-pmem from the VM, we don't remove the
associated userspace mapping. This patch will let us fix this in a
following patch. For now, it simply adapts the code so that the Pmem
device knows about the mapping associated with it. By knowing about it,
it can expose it to the caller through the new userspace_mappings()
function.
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
This will help when we will implement the hot-unplug of the virtio-fs
device, as we will have to remove correctly the userspace mappings
associated with the device.
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
Introduce new getter function to the VirtioDevice trait, as it will
allow the caller to retrieve the list of userspace mappings associated
with the device.
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
In the context of the shared memory region used by virtio-fs in order to
support DAX feature, the shared region is exposed as a dedicated PCI
BAR, and it is backed by a KVM userspace mapping.
Upon BAR remapping, the BAR is moved to a different location in the
guest address space, and the KVM mapping must be updated accordingly.
Additionally, we need the VirtioDevice to report the updated guest
address through the shared memory region returned by get_shm_regions().
That's why a new setter is added to the VirtioDevice trait, so that
after the mapping has been updated for KVM, we can tell the VirtioDevice
the new guest address the shared region is located at.
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
By adding the shared memory regions to the list of BARs, we make sure
the DeviceManager will register it as a BAR on the PCI bus. Without
this, when PCI BAR reprogramming happens, the PCI bus errors since it
does not know about any BAR at the specified address.
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
Any virtio device relying on the mmio transport layer can be snapshotted
and restored thanks to this new patch. From the MmioDevice perspective,
it is mainly a matter of saving the information about the virtqueues as
the restore path will need them to activate the device (if needed
because it has been activated before being snapshotted).
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
In anticipation for adding snapshot/restore support to virtio devices,
this commit introduces two new helpers updating the available and used
indexes of a queue, relying on the guest memory.
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
This commit relies on serde to serialize and deserialize the content of
a Queue structure. This will be useful information to store when
implementing snapshot/restore feature for virtio devices.
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Samuel Ortiz <sameo@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Yi Sun <yi.y.sun@linux.intel.com>
Add support for specifying the PCI revision in the PCI configuration and
populate this with the value of 1 for virtio-pci devices.
The virtio-pci specification is slightly ambiguous only saying that
transitional (i.e. devices that support legacy and virtio 1.0) should
set this to 0. In practice it seems that software expects the revision
to be set to 1 for modern only devices.
Signed-off-by: Rob Bradford <robert.bradford@intel.com>
Add an accessor to return the underlying VirtioDevice. This is useful
for managing the removal of the device from internal datastructures when
handling virtio-pci device unplug.
Signed-off-by: Rob Bradford <robert.bradford@intel.com>
In order to support freeing the memory that is allocated we need to make
sure that we update the internal representation so that free_bars() can
correctly free the memory if the device has its BARs moved.
Signed-off-by: Rob Bradford <robert.bradford@intel.com>
Implement the free_bars() method from the PciDevice trait which is used
as part of the device removal process. Although there is only one BAR
allocated by VirtioPciDevice simplify the code by using a vector.
Signed-off-by: Rob Bradford <robert.bradford@intel.com>
Move the release of the managed memory region from the DeviceManager to
the vhost-user-fs device. This ensures that the memory will be freed when
the device is unplugged which will lead to it being Drop()ed.
Signed-off-by: Rob Bradford <robert.bradford@intel.com>
Move the release of the managed memory region from the DeviceManager to
the virtio-pmem device. This ensures that the memory will be freed when
the device is unplugged which will lead to it being Drop()ed.
Signed-off-by: Rob Bradford <robert.bradford@intel.com>
A Snapshottable component can snapshot itself and
provide a MigrationSnapshot payload as a result.
A MigrationSnapshot payload is a map of component IDs to a list of
migration sections (MigrationSection). As component can be made of
several Migratable sub-components (e.g. the DeviceManager and its
device objects), a migration snapshot can be made of multiple snapshot
itself.
A snapshot is a list of migration sections, each section being a
component state snapshot. Having multiple sections allows for easier and
backward compatible migration payload extensions.
Once created, a migratable component snapshot may be transported and this
is what the Transportable trait defines, through 2 methods: send and recv.
Signed-off-by: Samuel Ortiz <sameo@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Yi Sun <yi.y.sun@linux.intel.com>
Return libc::EINVAL instead of custom "Wrong offset" error, as mmap(2)
returns EINVAL when offset/len is invalid.
Signed-off-by: Eryu Guan <eguan@linux.alibaba.com>
In fs_slave_map/unmap/sync, we only made sure offset < cache_size, but
didn't validate (offset + len). We should ensure [offset, offset+len]
is within cache range as well.
Signed-off-by: Eryu Guan <eguan@linux.alibaba.com>
The basic idea of virtio-mem is to provide a flexible, cross-architecture
memory hot plug and hot unplug solution that avoids many limitations
imposed by existing technologies, architectures, and interfaces. More
details can be found in https://lkml.org/lkml/2019/12/12/681.
This commit add virtio-mem device.
Signed-off-by: Hui Zhu <teawater@antfin.com>
We made sure gpa is in cache range, but not the end addr of request,
which is (gpa + len). If the end addr of request is beyond dax cache
window, vmm would corrupt guest memory or crash.
Fix it by making sure end addr of request is within cache range as well.
And while we're at it, return EFAULT if the request is out of range, as
write(2)/read(2) returns EFAULT when buffer is outside accessible
address space.
Signed-off-by: Eryu Guan <eguan@linux.alibaba.com>
In order to keep vhost-user backend to work across guest memory resizing
happening when memory is hot-plugged or hot-unplugged, both blk, net and
fs devices are implementing the notifier to let the backend know.
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
By factorizing the setup of the memory table for vhost-user, we
anticipate the fact that vhost-user devices are going to reuse this
function when the guest memory will be updated.
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
The virtio devices backed by a vhost-user backend must send an update to
the associated backend with the new file descriptors corresponding to
the memory regions.
This patch allows such devices to be notified when such update needs to
happen.
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
Virtio-fs daemon expects fs_slave_io() returns the number of bytes
read/written on success, but we always return 0 and make userspace think
nothing has been read/written.
Fix it by returning the actual bytes read/written. Note that This
depends on the corresponding fix in vhost crate.
Fixes: #949
Signed-off-by: Eryu Guan <eguan@linux.alibaba.com>
On x86_64, a hint to the compiler is not enough, we need to issue a
MFENCE instruction. Replace the Acquire fence with a SeqCst one.
Without this, it's still possible to miss an used_event update,
leading to the omission of a notification, possibly stalling the
vring.
Signed-off-by: Sergio Lopez <slp@redhat.com>
Virtiofs's dax window can be used as read/write's source (e.g. mmap a file
on virtiofs), but the dax window area is not shared with vhost-user
backend, i.e. virtiofs daemon.
To make those IO work, addresses of this kind of IO source are routed to
VMM via FS_IO requests to perform a read/write from an fd directly to the
given GPA.
This adds the support of FS_IO request to clh's vhost-user-fs master part.
Signed-off-by: Liu Bo <bo.liu@linux.alibaba.com>
"DescriptorChain"s are tied to the lifetime of the referenced
GuestMemoryMmap object (for good reasons), but sometimes (i.e., when
processing descriptors from different contexts) we may need to switch
them to point a different GuestMemoryMmap.
Here we introduce the structure DescriptorHead, which holds the data
needed to rebuild a DescriptorChain, the method "get_head" which
returns the DescriptorHead for a DescriptorChain, and the method
"new_from_head", which allows to create a new DescriptorChain with a
DescriptorHead and a new reference to a GuestMemoryMmap.
Signed-off-by: Sergio Lopez <slp@redhat.com>
get_used_event is used from vhost_user_backend:needs_notification to
check whether an interrupt must be sent to the guest to notify there
are new items in the queue. Shorten the update window by asking the
the compiler to inline this method, so a write won't slip between the
read of the memory contents and the actual check.
Signed-off-by: Sergio Lopez <slp@redhat.com>
When a virtio device is paused an event is written to the appropriate
"pause" EventFd for the device. This will be noticed by the the device's
epoll_wait(), an atomic bool checked an if true then the thread is
parked(). When resuming the bool is reset and the thread is unpark()ed.
However the event triggering the pause is still in the EventFd so the
epoll_wait() will continue to return but because the boolean is not set
the thread will not be park()ed but instead we will busy loop around an
event that is not being consumed.
The solution is to drain the "pause" EventFd when the event is first
received and thus the epoll_wait() will only return for the pause event
once. This resolves the infinite epoll_wait() wake-ups.
Fixes: #869
Signed-off-by: Rob Bradford <robert.bradford@intel.com>
The details of the SHM regions or the lack of, which is used by
virtio-fs DAX, is communicated through configuration fields on the
virtio-mmio memory region. Implement the necessary fields to return the
SHM entries and in particular return a length of (u64)-1 which is used
by the kernel to indicate there are no SHM regions.
Signed-off-by: Rob Bradford <robert.bradford@intel.com>
As cloud-hypervisor/vhost crate (dragonball branch) is ready to be used,
switch vhost_rs from internal crate to the external one.
Signed-off-by: Eryu Guan <eguan@linux.alibaba.com>
Current device configuration space offset value is 0, we need to
update that value to VHOST_USER_CONFIG_OFFSET(0x100) to follow the spec
Fixes#844
Signed-off-by: Arron Wang <arron.wang@intel.com>
Indirect descriptors is a virtio feature that allows the driver to
store a table of descriptors anywhere in memory, pointing to it from a
virtqueue ring's descriptor with a particular flag.
We can't seamlessly transition from an iterator over a conventional
descriptor chain to an indirect chain, so Queue users need to
explicitly support this feature by calling Queue::is_indirect() and
Queue::new_from_indirect().
Signed-off-by: Sergio Lopez <slp@redhat.com>
VIRTIO_RING_F_EVENT_IDX is a virtio feature that allows to avoid
device <-> driver notifications under some circunstances, most
notably when actively polling the queue.
This commit implements support for in in the vm-virtio
crate. Consumers of this crate will also need to add support for it by
exposing the feature and calling using update_avail_event() and
get_used_event() accordingly.
Signed-off-by: Sergio Lopez <slp@redhat.com>
Relying on the latest vm-memory version, including the freshly
introduced structure GuestMemoryAtomic, this patch replaces every
occurrence of Arc<ArcSwap<GuestMemoryMmap> with
GuestMemoryAtomic<GuestMemoryMmap>.
The point is to rely on the common RCU-like implementation from
vm-memory so that we don't have to do it from Cloud-Hypervisor.
Fixes#735
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
This allows the VMM to explicitly shutdown devices as part of the VM
shutdown ahead of what Drop::drop() would do.
Signed-off-by: Rob Bradford <robert.bradford@intel.com>
By detecting if an existing tap interface supports multiqueue, we now
have the information to determine if the command line parameters
regarding the number of queues is correct.
Fixes#738
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
Remove duplicated code across the different devices by handling
the virtio feature pages in VirtioDevice itself rather than
in the backends. This works as no virtio devices use feature
bits beyond 64-bits.
Signed-off-by: Cathy Zhang <cathy.zhang@intel.com>
Having the InterruptManager trait depend on an InterruptType forces
implementations into supporting potentially very different kind of
interrupts from the same code base. What we're defining through the
current, interrupt type based create_group() method is a need for having
different interrupt managers for different kind of interrupts.
By associating the InterruptManager trait to an interrupt group
configuration type, we create a cleaner design to support that need as
we're basically saying that one interrupt manager should have the single
responsibility of supporting one kind of interrupt (defined through its
configuration).
Signed-off-by: Samuel Ortiz <sameo@linux.intel.com>
The existing code taking care of the epoll loop was too restrictive as
it was considering all errors the same. But in case the error is EINTR,
this means the syscall has been interrupted while waiting, and it should
be resumed to wait again.
This patch enforces the parsing of the returned error and prevent the
code from assuming EINTR should be handled as all other errors.
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
The previous code only support one queue, and we need
to support MQ in vhost user block device. This patch
can work with SPDK with MQ setting.
Signed-off-by: Yang Zhong <yang.zhong@intel.com>
Based on the new structures previously introduced, the new topology
feature is being fully implemented through this commit. This allows
the description of the devices attached to the virtual IOMMU, which
is why a new function attach_devices() has been introduced. It gives
the virtual IOMMU device the full list of devices which must be attached
to it, letting the device share this information through its virtio
configuration.
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
The virtio-iommu device defines a new virtio feature allowing the
topology to be discovered fully through virtio configuration.
By topology, it means describing the devices attached to the virtual
IOMMU. This is currently managed through ACPI with IORT and VIOT table,
but this is another way of describing it.
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
The virtio capability VIRTIO_PCI_CAP_PCI_CFG is exposed through the
device's PCI config space the same way other virtio-pci capabilities
are exposed.
The main and important difference is that this specific capability is
designed as a way for the guest to access virtio capabilities without
mapping the PCI BAR. This is very rarely used, but it can be useful when
it is too early for the guest to be able to map the BARs.
One thing to note, this special feature MUST be implemented, based on
the virtio specification.
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
In order to anticipate the need to support more features related to the
access of a device's PCI config space, this commits changes the self
reference in the function read_config_register() to be mutable.
This also brings some more flexibility for any implementation of the
PciDevice trait.
Signed-off-by: Sebastien Boeuf <sebastien.boeuf@intel.com>
