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cloud-hypervisor/docs/arm64.md
Henry Wang 877a537bf7 docs/arm64: Document the hardware constraints 
There is a corner case of using the Cloud Hypervisor on AArch64:
If the VM is started on a device where RAM is limited, and if the user
allocates nearly as much memory for the guest as is still free on the
host, we need to enable the swap memory.

This commit documented this corner case with explanation.

Also, this commit corrects the hardware requirement of the GIC interrupt
controller for running the Cloud Hypervisor on AArch64, accroding to
[1].

Fixes: https://github.com/cloud-hypervisor/cloud-hypervisor/issues/3419

Signed-off-by: Henry Wang <Henry.Wang@arm.com>

[1] https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/virt/kvm/devices/arm-vgic-its.html
2021-12-28 21:00:43 +08:00

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How to build and test Cloud Hypervisor on AArch64

This document introduces how to build and test Cloud Hypervisor on AArch64. Currently, Cloud Hypervisor supports 2 methods of booting on AArch64: UEFI booting and direct-kernel booting. The document covers both methods.

All the steps are based on Ubuntu. We use the Ubuntu cloud image for guest VM disk.

Hardware requirements

  • AArch64 servers (recommended) or development boards equipped with the GICv3 interrupt controller.

  • On development boards that have constrained RAM resources, if the creation of a VM consumes a large portion of the free memory on the host, it may be required to enable swap. For example, this was required on a board with 3 GB of RAM booting a 2 GB VM at a point in time when 2.8 GB were free. Without enabling swap the cloud-hypervisor process was terminated by the OOM killer. In this situation memory was allocated for the virtual machine using memfd while the page cache was filled, leading to a situation where the kernel could not even drop caches. Making a small section of swap available (observably, 1 to 15 MB), this situation can be resolved and the resulting memory footprint of cloud-hypervisor is as expected.

Getting started

We create a folder to build and run Cloud Hypervisor at $HOME/cloud-hypervisor

$ export CLOUDH=$HOME/cloud-hypervisor
$ mkdir $CLOUDH

Prerequisites

You need to install some prerequisite packages to build and test Cloud Hypervisor.

Tools

# Install rust tool chain
$ curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh
# Install the tools used for building guest kernel, EDK2 and converting guest disk
$ sudo apt-get update
$ sudo apt-get install git build-essential m4 bison flex uuid-dev qemu-utils

Building Cloud Hypervisor

$ pushd $CLOUDH
$ git clone https://github.com/cloud-hypervisor/cloud-hypervisor.git
$ cd cloud-hypervisor
$ cargo build
$ popd

Disk image

Download the Ubuntu cloud image and convert the image type.

$ pushd $CLOUDH
$ wget https://cloud-images.ubuntu.com/focal/current/focal-server-cloudimg-arm64.img
$ qemu-img convert -p -f qcow2 -O raw focal-server-cloudimg-arm64.img focal-server-cloudimg-arm64.raw
$ popd

UEFI booting

This part introduces how to build EDK2 firmware and boot Cloud Hypervisor with it.

Building EDK2

$ pushd $CLOUDH

# Clone source code repos
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/tianocore/edk2.git -b master
$ cd edk2
$ git submodule update --init
$ cd ..
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/tianocore/edk2-platforms.git -b master
$ git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/acpica/acpica.git -b master

# Build tools
$ export PACKAGES_PATH="$PWD/edk2:$PWD/edk2-platforms"
$ export IASL_PREFIX="$PWD/acpica/generate/unix/bin/"
$ make -C acpica
$ cd edk2/
$ . edksetup.sh
$ cd ..
$ make -C edk2/BaseTools

# Build EDK2
$ build -a AARCH64 -t GCC5 -p ArmVirtPkg/ArmVirtCloudHv.dsc -b RELEASE

$ popd

If the build goes well, the EDK2 binary is available at edk2/Build/ArmVirtCloudHv-AARCH64/RELEASE_GCC5/FV/CLOUDHV_EFI.fd.

Booting the guest VM

$ pushd $CLOUDH
$ sudo RUST_BACKTRACE=1 $CLOUDH/cloud-hypervisor/target/debug/cloud-hypervisor \
           --api-socket /tmp/cloud-hypervisor.sock \
           --kernel $CLOUDH/edk2/Build/ArmVirtCloudHv-AARCH64/RELEASE_GCC5/FV/CLOUDHV_EFI.fd \
           --disk path=$CLOUDH/focal-server-cloudimg-arm64.raw \
           --cpus boot=4 \
           --memory size=4096M \
           --net tap=,mac=12:34:56:78:90:01,ip=192.168.1.1,mask=255.255.255.0 \
           --serial tty \
           --console off
$ popd

Direct-kernel booting

Alternativelly, you can build your own kernel for guest VM. This way, UEFI is not involved and ACPI cannot be enabled.

Building kernel

$ pushd $CLOUDH
$ git clone --depth 1 "https://github.com/cloud-hypervisor/linux.git" -b ch-5.12
$ cd linux
$ cp $CLOUDH/cloud-hypervisor/resources/linux-config-aarch64 .config
$ make -j `nproc`
$ popd

Booting the guest VM

$ pushd $CLOUDH
$ sudo $CLOUDH/cloud-hypervisor/target/debug/cloud-hypervisor \
           --api-socket /tmp/cloud-hypervisor.sock \
           --kernel $CLOUDH/linux/arch/arm64/boot/Image \
           --disk path=focal-server-cloudimg-arm64.raw \
           --cmdline "keep_bootcon console=ttyAMA0 reboot=k panic=1 root=/dev/vda1 rw" \
           --cpus boot=4 \
           --memory size=4096M \
           --net tap=,mac=12:34:56:78:90:01,ip=192.168.1.1,mask=255.255.255.0 \
           --serial tty \
           --console off
$ popd