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Lukas 6fcd61864f docs: update ressources

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title	description	published	date	tags	editor	dateCreated
External ressources	A list of external mostly-online ressources around KVM virtualization and related technologies	true	2021-06-23T13:02:24.730Z		markdown	2021-06-23T12:36:12.051Z

Curated ressources

Communities

To-do

Unsorted

Index of Documentation for People Interested in Writing and/or Understanding the Linux Kernel

Books

On Linux

The Linux Command Line, 2nd Edition: A Complete Introduction
Understanding the Linux Kernel 3e
Linux System Programming 2ed
The Linux Programming Interface: A Linux and UNIX System Programming Handbook (English Edition)

Tools

Virtual chipsets

i440fx

Q35

microvm

virt

Devices

Emulated

Paravirtualization

Virtual I/O Device (VIRTIO) specification, version 1.1

vfio-mdev

vfio-gpu

Hypervisor

QEMU/KVM

QEMU virtualization on Fedora host

Virtualization Deployment and Administration Guide

QEMU virtualization on macOS host

Virtualizing OpenCore and x86 macOS on Apple Silicon (and even iOS!) https://khronokernel.github.io/apple/silicon/2021/01/17/QEMU-AS.html
UTM App :
- https://mac.getutm.app/
- https://github.com/utmapp/UTM

QEMU

QEMU / KVM CPU model configuration : https://qemu.readthedocs.io/en/latest/system/qemu-cpu-models.html
This is a port of QEMU machine emulator to JavaScript using Emscripten : https://github.com/atrosinenko/qemujs
My QEMU fork with pinning (affinity) support and a few tweaks. : https://github.com/saveriomiroddi/qemu-pinning

Cloud Hypervisor/KVM

Docs ; https://github.com/cloud-hypervisor/cloud-hypervisor/tree/master/docs
Cloud Hypervisor API : https://github.com/cloud-hypervisor/cloud-hypervisor/blob/master/docs/api.md
Device model : https://github.com/cloud-hypervisor/cloud-hypervisor/blob/master/docs/device_model.md
FUzzing : https://github.com/cloud-hypervisor/cloud-hypervisor/blob/master/docs/fuzzing.md
Using MACVTAP to Bridge onto Host Network : https://github.com/cloud-hypervisor/cloud-hypervisor/blob/master/docs/macvtap-bridge.md
Networking : https://github.com/cloud-hypervisor/cloud-hypervisor/blob/master/docs/networking.md
UEFI Boot : https://github.com/cloud-hypervisor/cloud-hypervisor/blob/master/docs/uefi.md
VFIO : https://github.com/cloud-hypervisor/cloud-hypervisor/blob/master/docs/vfio.md

Guests

PS4

Orbital : Virtualization-based PlayStation 4 emulator : https://github.com/AlexAltea/orbital

Android

Android GPU Compute Going Forward : https://android-developers.googleblog.com/2021/04/android-gpu-compute-going-forward.html?m=1
GPU Emulation plans : https://groups.google.com/g/android-emulator-dev/c/9o8OZezxq9c?pli=1

Single GPU passthrough

Guides

Package management

RPM Packaging Guide : https://rpm-packaging-guide.github.io/#preparing-software-for-packaging
Join the package collection maintainers : https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Join_the_package_collection_maintainers

Communication

Mascot

Xenia, the Linux mascot: https://xenia-linux-site.glitch.me/

Tiny-distro

Build and run minimal Linux / Busybox systems in Qemu : https://gist.github.com/chrisdone/02e165a0004be33734ac2334f215380e#file-gistfile1-md
Making minimal graphical operating system : https://bcksp.blogspot.com/2017/09/making-minimal-graphical-operating.html?m=1
Build and boot a minimal Linux system with qemu : https://www.kaizou.org/2016/09/boot-minimal-linux-qemu.html
alux - a minimal Linux kernel distribution : https://github.com/alexhultman/alux
Build and run minimal linux with QEMU : https://gist.github.com/seokbeomKim/9cff93b073573fe535534c522c6e53e1

Android

adb cheat sheet : https://www.automatetheplanet.com/adb-cheat-sheet/
Building Android for Qemu: A Step-by-Step Guide https://www.collabora.com/news-and-blog/blog/2016/09/02/building-android-for-qemu-a-step-by-step-guide/
Vifio for Android : https://github.com/robherring/generic_device/wiki

Lakka

Proxmox : https://forums.libretro.com/t/video-guide-how-to-install-lakka-as-a-vm-using-kvm-in-unraid/6319

macOS kvm guest

https://github.com/kholia/OSX-KVM

https://github.com/yoonsikp/macos-kvm-pci-passthrough

https://github.com/foxlet/macOS-Simple-KVM

https://www.nicksherlock.com/2019/10/installing-macos-catalina-10-15-on-proxmox-6/

Virgil 3D renderer for macos : https://mail.gnu.org/archive/html/qemu-devel/2021-02/msg04235.html

https://gitlab.com/sanselme/OSX-KVM

Virt-builder

https://www.admin-magazine.com/Articles/Generate-VM-Images-with-virt-builder

Virt-builder and virsh : Virt-builder https://developer.fedoraproject.org/tools/virt-builder/about.html

Great in-depth article

https://stewartadam.io/howtos/fedora-20/create-gaming-virtual-machine-using-vfio-pci-passthrough-kvm

Funding

NGI Open Calls : https://www.ngi.eu/opencalls/#ngi-zero-pet-opencall

MISC

Isaard vdi : https://isard.gitlab.io/isardvdi-docs/#why-choose-isardvdi

https://www.golinuxcloud.com/virt-install-examples-kvm-virt-commands-linux/

cheatsheet https://www.cyberithub.com/virsh-commands-examples-virt-df-virt-top-kvm/

https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_enterprise_linux/7/html/virtualization_deployment_and_administration_guide/sect-guest_virtual_machine_installation_overview-creating_guests_with_virt_install

Developping/Building tools

Redhat Fedora : https://developer.fedoraproject.org/tools.html
Open SUSE
https://www.opensuse.org/#

Open Build Service (OBS)

Our build tool, building all of our packages as well as ones for SUSE Linux Enterprise, Arch, Debian, Fedora, Scientific Linux, RHEL, CentOS, Ubuntu, and more.

openQA

Automated testing for any operating system, that can read the screen and control the test host the same way a user does.

http://open.qa/

YaST

The best/only comprehensive Linux system configuration & installation tool.

https://yast.opensuse.org/documentation

Kiwi

Create Linux images for deployment on real hardware, virtualisation, and now even container systems like Docker. Kiwi is the engine that builds the openSUSE release images.

http://osinside.github.io/kiwi/self_contained.html http://osinside.github.io/kiwi/building_images/build_live_iso.html http://osinside.github.io/kiwi/building_images/build_simple_disk.html http://osinside.github.io/kiwi/building_images/build_kis.html

Fedora dev tool

https://developer.fedoraproject.org/tools.html

Toolbox

https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/fedora-silverblue/toolbox/

Virt-builder

https://developer.fedoraproject.org/tools/virt-builder/about.html

Desktop GUI

http://bhepple.com/doku/doku.php?id=sway:sway-apps

Wayland on archlinux : https://www.fosskers.ca/en/blog/wayland

Spectrum

https://github.com/sponsors/alyssais

https://liberapay.com/qyliss/

https://spectrum-os.org/

Fedora Reference Manual

https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/Fedora/26/html/Installation_Guide/index.html

Virtualization tool

https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/Fedora/23/html/Virtualization_Getting_Started_Guide/sec-Other-Useful-tools.html

https://github.com/kvmtool/kvmtool kvmtool is a lightweight tool for hosting KVM guests. As a pure virtualization tool it only supports guests using the same architecture, though it supports running 32-bit guests on those 64-bit architectures that allow this.

Bridge ethernet

How To Create and Configure Bridge Networking For KVM in Linux : https://computingforgeeks.com/how-to-create-and-configure-bridge-networking-for-kvm-in-linux/

https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/Fedora/13/html/Virtualization_Guide/sect-Virtualization-Network_Configuration-Bridged_networking_with_libvirt.html

Networking in Libvirt : https://wiki.libvirt.org/page/Networking

https://lukas.zapletalovi.com/2015/09/fedora-22-libvirt-with-bridge.html

How to Setup Bridge Networking with KVM on Ubuntu 20.04 : https://levelup.gitconnected.com/how-to-setup-bridge-networking-with-kvm-on-ubuntu-20-04-9c560b3e3991

Bridge Wireless Cards

https://shanetomlinson.com/bridging-a-wireless-card-in-kvmqemu/

https://web.archive.org/web/20160821085327/http://blog.bodhizazen.net/linux/bridge-wireless-cards/

https://gist.github.com/Jiab77/4cf278ac3ad59665969bdf73e083a847

https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/159191/setup-kvm-on-a-wireless-interface-on-a-laptop-machine

fedora cloud images https://alt.fedoraproject.org/cloud/

Cloud gaming

Gaming Anywhere : https://github.com/chunying/gaminganywhere

Linux KVM

https://thereisnospoon.ews-network.net/posts/fedora-30-win10-nvidia-gpu-passthrough/

https://spectrum-os.org/

https://www.redhat.com/en/blog/all-you-need-know-about-kvm-userspace

Windows Gaming on Linux: Single GPU Passthrough Guide https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3BxAaaRDEEw

Using the KVM API https://lwn.net/Articles/658511/

Sparkler: A KVM-based Virtual Machine Manager : https://unixism.net/2019/10/sparkler-kvm-based-virtual-machine-manager/

3D in a VM virtual gpu virtugl virtio-gl virgil

Virglrenderer and the state of virtualized virtual worlds, 2019. https://www.collabora.com/news-and-blog/blog/2019/08/28/virglrenderer-state-of-virtualized-virtual-worlds/
Virtualizing GPU Access https://www.collabora.com/news-and-blog/blog/2018/02/12/virtualizing-gpu-access/
Android https://linuxhint.com/android_qemu_play_3d_games_linux/

https://www.kraxel.org/blog/2016/09/using-virtio-gpu-with-libvirt-and-spice/ https://src.fedoraproject.org/rpms/virglrenderer

https://github.com/VirtualGL/virtualgl/releases https://virtualgl.org/About/Introduction

https://docs.oasis-open.org/virtio/virtio/v1.1/cs01/virtio-v1.1-cs01.html#x1-3200007

http://virgil3d.github.io/

https://www.studiopixl.com/2017-08-27/3d-acceleration-using-virtio.html

https://cgit.freedesktop.org/virglrenderer

https://github.com/Keenuts/virtio-gpu-documentation

https://at.projects.genivi.org/wiki/display/DIRO/VIRTIO+GPU+Operation+Highlights

https://www.reddit.com/r/archlinux/comments/7nmceg/kvmqemu_with_virtiogpu_virgl_support_enabled/

https://forums.unraid.net/topic/62276-gpu-virtualization-virtio-gpu-virgl-sr-iov-mxgpu-vdi-spice/

https://github.com/ekistece/Fedora-33-VFIO-guide/

www.reddit.com/r/VFIO/comments/h9zijx/fedora_32_and_gpu_passthrough_vfio/

https://czak.pl/2020/04/09/three-levels-of-qemu-graphics.html

http://events17.linuxfoundation.org/sites/events/files/slides/KVM%20Forum%202014%20-%20VFIO%2C%20OVMF%2C%20GPU%2C%20and%20You%20-%20Alex%20Williamson.pdf

Virgil 3d project homepage : http://virgil3d.github.io/

Introducing Virgil - 3D virtual GPU for qemu : https://airlied.livejournal.com/77553.html

Modes of 3D acceleration in a VM explained

https://www.kraxel.org/blog/2019/09/display-devices-in-qemu/

Intel HAXM

Nested virtualization support : https://github.com/intel/haxm/issues/51

Gitea awesome list

Awesome Gitea : https://gitea.com/gitea/awesome-gitea

Cloud-init

https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Cloud-init

virt-install --cloud-init support : https://blog.wikichoon.com/2020/09/virt-install-cloud-init.html

KVM server

[2016] Performant Security Hardening of KVM by Steve Rutherford : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vj5PA_D03Vg

Great guide : https://github.com/ekistece/Fedora-33-VFIO-guide/

https://mathiashueber.com/performance-tweaks-gaming-on-virtual-machines/

https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/how-to-install-kvm-on-centos-8-headless-server/

https://ostechnix.com/install-and-configure-kvm-in-ubuntu-20-04-headless-server/

https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/how-to-install-kvm-on-ubuntu-20-04-lts-headless-server/

https://computingforgeeks.com/how-to-install-kvm-on-fedora/

https://www.server-world.info/en/note?os=CentOS_7&p=kvm&f=10

'virt-host-validate' to check whether QEMU and LXC are setup correctly

https://scottlinux.com/2017/05/10/how-to-enable-iommu-support-in-fedora-linux/

https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/PCI_passthrough_via_OVMF

https://heiko-sieger.info/creating-a-windows-10-vm-on-the-amd-ryzen-9-3900x-using-qemu-4-0-and-vga-passthrough/

https://marzukia.github.io/post/fedora-32-and-gpu-passthrough-vfio/

https://forum.level1techs.com/t/vfio-in-2019-fedora-workstation-general-guide-though-branch-draft/145106

https://marzukia.github.io/post/fedora-32-and-gpu-passthrough-vfio/

https://gitlab.com/Karuri/vfio

https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/PCI_passthrough_via_OVMF

https://www.linux-kvm.org/page/KVM_Features

Libvirt

https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Libvirt

Guest protection

https://www.computer.org/csdl/proceedings-article/hpca/2018/365901a441/12OmNzkMlRm

https://ipads.se.sjtu.edu.cn/_media/publications/fidelius_hpca18.pdf

Nested virt. with KVM

https://www.rdoxenham.com/?p=275

https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/using-nested-virtualization-in-kvm/

(Mostly) Exitless VM Protection from Untrusted Hypervisor through Disaggregated Nested Virtualization

https://www.usenix.org/conference/usenixsecurity20/presentation/mi

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/261020814_Architecture_support_for_guest-transparent_VM_protection_from_untrusted_hypervisor_and_physical_attacks

Hackintosh

https://dortania.github.io/OpenCore-Install-Guide/installer-guide/linux-install.html#downloading-macos

ACS Override

Fedora ACS override https://github.com/Somersall-Natalie/fedora-acs-override
ACS Override Kernel Builds https://queuecumber.gitlab.io/linux-acs-override/
Fedora Build ACS Override Patch Kernel https://wiki.myhypervisor.ca/books/linux/page/fedora-build-acs-override-patch-kernel
ACS Overrride patch for debian https://github.com/raphendyr/acs-override
[PATCH] pci: Enable overrides for missing ACS capabilities PCIe ACS (Access Control Services) : https://lkml.org/lkml/2013/5/30/513
IOMMU Groups, inside and out http://vfio.blogspot.com/2014/08/iommu-groups-inside-and-out.html

Security

Secure Boot

https://www.kraxel.org/slides/virtual-secure-boot/#hands-on-libvirt

[Openstack] Allow Secure Boot (SB) for QEMU- and KVM-based guests : https://specs.openstack.org/openstack/nova-specs/specs/train/approved/allow-secure-boot-for-qemu-kvm-guests.html

sVirt

http://www.virtualopensystems.com/en/solutions/guides/kvm-svirt-omap5/ https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_enterprise_linux/6/html/security-enhanced_linux/ch07s02 sVirt: Hardening Linux Virtualization with Mandatory Access Control https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1e1gHOBduuQ

Qemu

https://qemu.readthedocs.io/en/latest/system/security.html

TPM

https://fossies.org/linux/qemu/docs/specs/tpm.rst

Ideas from hackernews blog post (as used by Red Hat)

Aggressively compile out unused features/devices.
Confine each VM with separate SELinux contexts (sVirt).
Run qemu as a special non-root user.
Use seccomp to confine the system calls.
Pass in pre-opened file descriptors to qemu, so qemu doesn't need to open files (helps with writing tightly confined SELinux policy).
Run qemu in a cgroup.
Run qemu-img with resource limits.
Compile qemu with all hardening features enabled like RELRO, PIE, etc.
Audit the code manually and with Coverity.
Take security reports seriously and have a fast patching mechanism (you can effectively "live patch" qemu by migrating a VM off the old qemu and on to the new qemu).

Probably more that I've forgotten about ...

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=18588899

Other ressources

ERNW_Hardening_KVM : https://github.com/ernw/hardening/blob/master/hypervisor/kvm/ERNW_Hardening_KVM.md

Security in QEMUHow Virtual Machines provide Isolation : https://vmsplice.net/~stefan/stefanha-kvm-forum-2018.pdf

Qemu hardening with CT: https://www.redhat.com/en/blog/hardening-qemu-through-continuous-security-testing

Headless virtualization

https://www.ostechnix.com/setup-headless-virtualization-server-using-kvm-ubuntu/

https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/installing-kvm-on-ubuntu-16-04-lts-server/

fedora headless virt group

RESSOURCES Unraid

https://forums.unraid.net/topic/54834-video-guideall-about-docker-in-unraid-docker-principles-and-setup/

https://forums.unraid.net/topic/84226-wireguard-quickstart/

https://forums.unraid.net/topic/80251-unraid-beginners-tutorial/

https://forums.unraid.net/topic/84316-wireguard-vpn-tunneled-access/

https://forums.unraid.net/topic/84226-wireguard-quickstart/

https://vfio.blogspot.com/2014/08/iommu-groups-inside-and-out.html ACS Override

https://forums.unraid.net/topic/51230-video-guidehow-to-pass-through-an-nvidia-gpu-as-primary-or-only-gpu-in-unraid/ gpu primary

Add that line to network boot loader

windows guest tweaking :

https://wiki.unraid.net/UnRAID_6/VM_Guest_Support

Additionally, in case you are using QEMU 4.0 (or higher) in combination with a Q35 chip, the flag ‘ioapic driver='kvm'‘ needs to be added in the features section (see excerpt marked blue). https://mathiashueber.com/fighting-error-43-nvidia-gpu-virtual-machine/