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220 lines
9.3 KiB
Markdown
220 lines
9.3 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: ReactOS
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description:
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published: true
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date: 2022-01-20T13:26:23.710Z
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tags:
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editor: markdown
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dateCreated: 2021-11-13T11:52:33.257Z
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---
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# ReactOS
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[ReactOS](https://reactos.org/) is an open-source operating system meant to behave like Windows XP, Windows Server 2003 and later versions of Windows.
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In theory, it can run any software and work with any drivers developed for these older versions of Windows. In practice, it is still under heavy-development and may not work as expected.
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## State of support
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Support for the more modern PCI-Express-enabled Q35 chipset, UEFI or virtio-devices is still lacking in ReactOS. Performance of the display won't be optimal, resulting in screen tearing.
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{.is-warning}
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| **Hardware** | ReactOS 4.13 | ReactOS 4.14 |
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| :- | :-: | :-: |
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| *[Chipset](/virt/vm/chipset)* | i440fx | i440fx |
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| *[Platform firmware](/virt/vm/firmware)* | SeaBIOS [^1] | SeaBIOS |
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| *[virtio-gpu](/virt/vm/virtio)* | No | No |
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| *[virtio-video](/virt/vm/virtio)* | No | No |
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| *[virtio-snd](/virt/vm/virtio)* | No | No |
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| *[virtio-blk](/virt/vm/virtio)* | No | No |
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| *[virtio-scsi](/virt/vm/virtio)* | No | No |
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| *[virtio-fs](/virt/vm/virtio)* | No | No |
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| *[virtio-net](/virt/vm/virtio)* | No | **Yes** [^2] |
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| *[virtio-keyboard](/virt/vm/virtio)* | No | No |
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| *[virtio-tablet](/virt/vm/virtio)* | No | No |
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> Porting new paravirtual devices to ReactOS would significantly improve the experience of running ReactOS inside Phyllome OS, and other virtualization solutions leveraging [paravirtual hardware](https://wiki.phyllo.me/e/en/virt/virtio). See [here](https://reactos.org/contributing/) on how you can contribute to ReactOS
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{.is-info}
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## Installation
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> ReactOS itself is currently in **alpha stage** and not production-ready
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{.is-warning}
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There are basically three steps you need to make before you can use this binary-compatible and open-source replica of Windows:
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* Download a medium to install the system
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* Install the system
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* Configure the system
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### Download
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* Go fetch the latest build of the *Boot CD* version of ReactOS on the official website: https://reactos.org/getbuilds/
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> Alternatively, the latest stable release could be downloaded
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{.is-info}
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* Unzip it using p7zip (`dnf install p7zip`)
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```
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7za x reactos-bootcd-0.4.15-dev-3628-ga6bf77e-x86-gcc-lin-dbg.7z
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```
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* Copy the resulting ISO under `/var/lib/libvirt/isos/`
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```
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mv reactos-bootcd-0.4.15-dev-3628-ga6bf77e-x86-gcc-lin-dbg /var/lib/libvirt/isos/
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```
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### Launch the installer
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* Clone the `legacy model` of virtual machine and, optionally, rename it.
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* Add the ISO file you just downloaded and add a disk of at least 1GB using the Virtual Machine Manager.
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> As of 2022, a full installation of ReactOS takes around 750MB of disk space
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{.is-info}
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* Power-on the virtual machine and connect to the console.
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> Just as in the good ol' days, you need to press a key to start the installer. Notice the fact that an open firmware, [SeaBIOS](https://www.seabios.org/SeaBIOS), is able to boot an open-source NT-based kernel. A rare sight.
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{.is-info}
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![reactos_installation-0.png](/assets/reactos/reactos_installation-0.png)
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> The installer supports navigation using the keyboard only.
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{.is-info}
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* Choose the language for the installation process, using the keyboard Arrows Keys.
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![reactos_installation-1.png](/assets/reactos/reactos_installation-1.png)
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* Press <kbd>ENTER</kbd>.
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![reactos_installation-2.png](/assets/reactos/reactos_installation-2.png)
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* Press <kbd>ENTER</kbd> once again.
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![reactos_installation-3.png](/assets/reactos/reactos_installation-3.png)
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* Navigate to "Accept these device settings" and press <kbd>ENTER</kbd>.
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![reactos_installation-4.png](/assets/reactos/reactos_installation-4.png)
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* Press <kbd>ENTER</kbd> again to select the Unpartitionned space.
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![reactos_installation-5.png](/assets/reactos/reactos_installation-5.png)
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* Press <kbd>ENTER</kbd> to select the FAT file-system.
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![reactos_installation-6.png](/assets/reactos/reactos_installation-6.png)
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* Press <kbd>ENTER</kbd> again to format the targeted partition using the selected file system.
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![reactos_installation-7.png](/assets/reactos/reactos_installation-7.png)
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* Once the formatting is done, press <kbd>ENTER</kbd> again to install ReactOS to the selected disk.
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![reactos_installation-8.png](/assets/reactos/reactos_installation-8.png)
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* Wait for the setup to complete. It is likely to be quick, so there won't be enough time for a coffee.
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![reactos_installation-9.png](/assets/reactos/reactos_installation-9.png)
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* Once the setup is done, install the bootloader on the hard disk. The default choice seems fine. Press <kbd>ENTER</kbd> to reach the next step.
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![reactos_installation-10.png](/assets/reactos/reactos_installation-10.png)
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* The installation is done, wait a few seconds or press <kbd>ENTER</kbd> to force the system to reboot right away.
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![reactos_installation-11.png](/assets/reactos/reactos_installation-11.png)
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### Go through the first boot and initial setup
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* Freeloader: ReactOS' bootloader in all its glory. Wait a few seconds or press <kbd>ENTER</kbd> to start ReactOS.
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![reactos_boot-1.png](/assets/reactos/reactos_boot-1.png)
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* Some devices will be automatically installed. Wait for a few seconds...
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![reactos_boot-2.png](/assets/reactos/reactos_boot-2.png)
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> Starting now, your mouse can be used to navigate around.
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{.is-info}
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* The first boot wizard for ReactOS should eventually appear. Press <kbd>ENTER</kbd> or click on *Next*.
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![reactos_boot-3.png](/assets/reactos/reactos_boot-3.png)
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* ReactOS relies on other open-source projets to function. The license has to be accepted. Press <kbd>ENTER</kbd> or click on *Next*.
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![reactos_boot-4.png](/assets/reactos/reactos_boot-4.png)
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* ReactOS can behave as a server or as a workstation. If you are unsure, choose workstation. Press <kbd>ENTER</kbd> or click on *Next*.
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![reactos_boot-5.png](/assets/reactos/reactos_boot-5.png)
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* The system language and local can be customized here. If you are satisfied with the default settings, press <kbd>ENTER</kbd> or click on *Next*. Otherwise, please modify the settings.
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![reactos_boot-6.png](/assets/reactos/reactos_boot-6.png)
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* Pick a username and, optionaly, an organization, then press <kbd>ENTER</kbd> or click on "Next" to go to the next screen.
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![reactos_boot-8.png](/assets/reactos/reactos_boot-8.png)
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* Choose an administrator password, and possibly a computer name, then press <kbd>ENTER</kbd> or click on "Next" to go to the next screen.
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![reactos_boot-10.png](/assets/reactos/reactos_boot-10.png)
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* Make sure you pick the right timezone then press <kbd>ENTER</kbd> or click on "Next" to go to the next screen.
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![reactos_boot-11.png](/assets/reactos/reactos_boot-11.png)
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* You can pick the theme of your liking. Press <kbd>ENTER</kbd> or click on "Next" to go to the next screen when you are done.
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![reactos_boot-12.png](/assets/reactos/reactos_boot-12.png)
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* Here, you should not have to configure anything for ReactOS to have LAN and Internet access, through the newly supported `virtio-net` device. Press <kbd>ENTER</kbd> or click on "Next" to go to the next screen.
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![reactos_boot-13.png](/assets/reactos/reactos_boot-13.png)
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* If you wish to share files with other computers on your network, joining a Workgroup would be a first step. Press <kbd>ENTER</kbd> or click on "Next" to go to the next screen.
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![reactos_boot-14.png](/assets/reactos/reactos_boot-14.png)
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* That's it. Press <kbd>ENTER</kbd> or click on "Finish" to reboot your computer.
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![reactos_boot-15.png](/assets/reactos/reactos_boot-15.png)
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### Go through the first boot and initial setup
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* Take a few seconds to admire splash screen.
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![reactos_first-boot-1.png](/assets/reactos/reactos_first-boot-1.png)
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* The system will automatically open a session with the user you created (that is pretty clever, as there is no need to remember the password I already forgot :')). A few windows may open, prompting you to install some devices. Unless you know what you are doing, cancel these prompts to land on the pristine desktop.
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![reactos_first-boot-2.png](/assets/reactos/reactos_first-boot-2.png)
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* As already stated, support for the more modern PCI-Express-enabled Q35 chipset, UEFI or other virtio-devices is not yet there. You may still enjoy the ride, try to install these old software that has long been forgotten in a drawer or this decade old printer collecting dust, and that no operating system would dare to interact with anymore.
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![reactos_first-boot-3.png](/assets/reactos/reactos_first-boot-3.png)
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> Congratulations, you have successfully installed ReactOS!
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{.is-success}
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## Resources
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* [Official resource](https://reactos.org/wiki/QEMU) on running ReactOS with QEMU
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* [Hardware support list](https://reactos.org/wiki/Supported_Hardware) for ReactOS
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* [Git repository](https://github.com/hectorm/docker-qemu-reactos) providing a Docker image for the ReactOS operating system
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* [Current effort](https://github.com/QubesOS/qubes-issues/issues/2809) to integrate ReactOS and QubesOS
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* [GSoC 2018 project idea](https://reactos.org/wiki/Google_Summer_of_Code_2018_Ideas#Paravirtualization_Support) to port more paravirtualized devices to ReactOS
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[^1]: Support for [UEFI](https://reactos.org/wiki/UEFI), and potentially OVMF, is under-way.
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[^2]: See [here](https://doxygen.reactos.org/d1/dc8/virtio__types_8h.html#a5a27dcd221caab788e973f6964d84aa9) for the source code reference for `virtio-net`
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---
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*[**Go to parent page**](https://wiki.phyllo.me/)* |