wiki/guests/linux.md

title	description	published	date	tags	editor	dateCreated
Linux family		true	2021-11-12T15:45:02.689Z		markdown	2021-11-12T15:27:40.366Z

How to deploy common Linux systems

Using virt-install

Virt-install and Fedora guests

Introduction

virt-install is a command-line utility to install virtual machines.

Prerequesites

• These prerequesites are for Fedora only, as Phyllome OS ships with virt-install by default.

Install the virt-install command-line tool on Fedora :

# dnf install virt-install

Manual installation

Use the following command to automatically launch the Fedora installation process. It will also automatically create a disk image to install Fedora on. Make sure you have at least 20 GB of free space.

$ virt-install --install fedora32

Using fedora32 --location https://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/fedora/linux/releases/32/Everything/x86_64/os
Using default --name fedora32
Using fedora32 default --memory 2048
Using fedora32 default --disk size=20

Starting install...
Retrieving file vmlinuz...                                                                             |  10 MB  00:00:00     
Retrieving file initrd.img...                                                                          |  74 MB  00:00:03     
Allocating 'fedora32-2.qcow2'                                                                          |  20 GB  00:00:00     
Running graphical console command: virt-viewer --connect qemu:///session --wait fedora32

It should automatically launch the guest console. Eventually, you should see the Anaconda installer first page.

Other options include : android-x86-9.0, centos8, clearlinux, debian9, macosx10.7, nixos-20.03, ubuntu20.04, win10

The virt-install package that comes with Fedora 34 doesn't work yet with argument fedora34 {.is-warning}

Automated installation

Local iso and kickstart

Requires an Internet connection {.is-info}

• Fetch a Fedora iso file using wget and put it in the current working directory

$ wget https://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/fedora/linux/releases/34/Server/x86_64/iso/Fedora-Server-dvd-x86_64-34-1.2.iso

• Fetch a kickstart script using wget and put it in the current working directory

$ wget https://git.phyllo.me/home/kickstart/raw/branch/main/leaves/imd.cfg 

If using a custom kickstart script, make sure it includes the cdrom option. {.is-warning}

• Deploy a UEFI-based machine with Fedora Server using the relative path of the local kickstart file

$ virt-install \
    --connect qemu:///system \
    --virt-type kvm \
    --arch x86_64 \
    --machine q35 \
    --name imd \
    --boot uefi \
    --cpu host-model,topology.sockets=1,topology.cores=2,topology.threads=2 \
    --vcpus 4 \
    --memory 8192 \
    --video virtio \
    --channel spicevmc \
    --autoconsole none \
    --sound none \
    --controller type=virtio-serial \
    --controller type=usb,model=none \
    --controller type=scsi,model=virtio-scsi \
    --network network=default,model=virtio \
    --input type=keyboard,bus=virtio \
    --input type=tablet,bus=virtio \
    --rng /dev/urandom,model=virtio \
    --disk path=/var/lib/libvirt/images/imd.img,format=raw,bus=virtio,cache=writeback,size=5 \
    --location=/var/lib/libvirt/iso/Fedora-Server-dvd-x86_64-34-1.2.iso \
    --initrd-inject imd.cfg --extra-args "inst.ks=file:/imd.cfg"

Remote installation with local kickstart

Requires an Internet connection {.is-info}

• Fetch a kickstart script using wget and put it in the current working directory

$ wget https://git.phyllo.me/home/kickstart/raw/branch/main/leaves/vmd.cfg 

If using a custom kickstart script, make sure it includes repo information {.is-warning}

$ virt-install \
    --connect qemu:///system \
    --virt-type kvm \
    --arch x86_64 \
    --machine q35 \
    --name vmd \
    --boot uefi \
    --cpu host-model,topology.sockets=1,topology.cores=2,topology.threads=2 \
    --vcpus 4 \
    --memory 8192 \
    --video virtio \
    --channel spicevmc \
    --autoconsole none \
    --sound none \
    --controller type=virtio-serial \
    --controller type=usb,model=none \
    --controller type=scsi,model=virtio-scsi \
    --network network=default,model=virtio \
    --input type=keyboard,bus=virtio \
    --input type=tablet,bus=virtio \
    --rng /dev/urandom,model=virtio \
    --disk path=/var/lib/libvirt/images/vmd.img,format=raw,bus=virtio,cache=writeback,size=5 \
    --location=https://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/fedora/linux/releases/34/Everything/x86_64/os/ \
    --initrd-inject bmd.cfg --extra-args "inst.ks=file:/bmd.cfg"

Remote installation with remote kickstart

• Alternatively, same as above but without fetching the kickstart file. The last line has to be swapped with :

virt-install \
    --connect qemu:///system \
    --virt-type kvm \
    --arch x86_64 \
    --machine q35 \
    --name flat-dmd \
    --boot uefi \
    --cpu host-model,topology.sockets=1,topology.cores=2,topology.threads=2 \
    --vcpus 4 \
    --memory 8192 \
    --video virtio \
    --channel spicevmc \
    --autoconsole none \
    --sound none \
    --controller type=virtio-serial \
    --controller type=usb,model=none \
    --controller type=scsi,model=virtio-scsi \
    --network network=default,model=virtio \
    --input type=keyboard,bus=virtio \
    --input type=tablet,bus=virtio \
    --rng /dev/urandom,model=virtio \
    --disk path=/var/lib/libvirt/images/flat-dmd.img,format=raw,bus=virtio,cache=writeback,size=5 \
    --location=https://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/fedora/linux/releases/34/Everything/x86_64/os/ \
    --extra-args="inst.ks=https://git.phyllo.me/home/kickstart/raw/branch/main/flat/flat-dmd.cfg"

Local deployment without installation

The idea here is to define a virtual machine and use the netboot.xyz.iso as a way to boot into an installer.

virt-install \
    --connect qemu:///system \
    --virt-type kvm \
    --arch x86_64 \
    --machine q35 \
    --name live-with-netboot-xyz \
    --boot uefi \
    --cpu host-model,topology.sockets=1,topology.cores=1,topology.threads=1 \
    --vcpus 1 \
    --memory 2048 \
    --video virtio \
    --channel spicevmc \
    --autoconsole none \
    --sound none \
    --controller type=virtio-serial \
    --controller type=usb,model=none \
    --controller type=scsi,model=virtio-scsi \
    --network network=default,model=virtio \
    --input type=keyboard,bus=virtio \
    --input type=tablet,bus=virtio \
    --rng /dev/urandom,model=virtio \
    --disk none \
    --cdrom=/var/lib/libvirt/iso/netboot.xyz.iso \
    --install no_install=yes

Built-in unattended mode

virt-install can rely on libosinfo's unattended install support to deploy fedora34 without any user intervention:

virt-install --install fedora32 --unattended

Cloud-init

Cloud-init may be used alongside virt-install:

virt-install --install fedora34,cloud=yes --cloud-init root-password-generate=on ssh-key=/home/user/.ssh/test_rsa.pub disable=on